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By analyzing the full-frequency vibrational modes of a model Cu50Zr50 glass, here, we classify the internal atoms into low-, subhigh-, and high-frequency ones that have different tendencies for rearrangements upon excitations. We find that low-frequency atoms are structurally unfavored and tend to aggregate. High-frequency atoms originating from compressed atomic pairs are also mechanically unstable. As yield approaches, shear-transformation rearrangements shift from low-frequency to high-frequency atoms. Subhigh-frequency atoms play the role of stable backbones. Given that atoms can have different identities, multiple identities are observed to overlap in space. Atoms with one vibrational identity often transform to another one, showing different preferences in transformation routes. Our results deepen the understanding of atomic structures for amorphous plasticity beyond the simplified picture of soft vs hard spots.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0250753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T13:37:16Z","timestamp":1737639436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multiple and transforming vibrational identities of atoms in amorphous solids"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 , Beijing 100190,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 , Beijing 100190,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0846-0493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. 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