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Here, using tensile-stress atomistic simulations of a copper lattice as a case study, we revisit this classical problem under a new perspective based on local dynamics rather than on purely structural arguments. We use a data-driven approach that allows tracking how local fluctuations emerge and accumulate in the atomic lattice in space and time, anticipating\/determining the emergence of local or collective structural defects during deformation. Building solely on the general concepts of local fluctuations and spatiotemporal fluctuation correlations, this approach allows characterizing in a unique way the evolution through the elastic, plastic, and fracture phases, describing metals as complex systems where collective phenomena originate from local dynamical triggering events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0265378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T07:34:20Z","timestamp":1749108860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Unsupervised tracking of local and collective defects dynamics in metals under deformation"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3903-1616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattia","family":"Perrone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4391-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Cioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8522-9047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Delle Piane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3473-8471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni M.","family":"Pavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100816411891100_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1353\/tech.1988.0125","article-title":"Out of the fiery furnace: The impact of metals on the history of mankind by Robert Raymond","volume":"29","year":"1988","journal-title":"Technol. 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