{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:51:43Z","timestamp":1792673503394,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022JJ40117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ40117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021JJ40146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ40146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021JJ40153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ40153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Interfacial properties of oxide heterostructures, such as LaAlO3 (LAO)\/SrTiO3 (STO), are closely related to the surface physicochemical states, offering unprecedented avenues for device tuning. Herein, we demonstrate that surface oxygen vacancy engineering through amorphous-LAO capping layer enables multifunctional control of interfacial conductivity, Kondo physics, and Rashba spin\u2013orbit coupling at LAO\/STO (001). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements reveal that the formation of oxygen vacancies at the LAO surface triggers charge transfer and insulator-to-metal transition of LAO\/STO, with its carrier density increasing from 0.55 \u00d7 1013 to 1.08 \u00d7 1013\u00a0cm\u22122 as the amorphous-LAO thickness grows. The low-temperature resistance upturn exhibits Kondo effect characteristics, with Kondo temperature rising from 10.88 to 35.11\u00a0K concomitantly, accompanied by a two-orders-of-magnitude reduction in Kondo resistance, reflecting the transition of Kondo scattering center from Cr to Ti. Magnetotransport further reveals the enhancement of Rashba spin\u2013orbital coupling with Rashba spin splitting energy Eso increasing from 2.54 to 4.07\u00a0meV and signature of Elliott\u2013Yafet spin relaxation mechanism (spin\u2013orbital relaxation time \u03c4so \u221d elastic scattering time \u03c4el), suggesting Cr ions as possible spin\u2013orbit scattering impurities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0272964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T09:45:42Z","timestamp":1752227142000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multifunctional control of oxide interface via surface-oxygen-vacancy engineering"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"163","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1947-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanpeng","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University 1 , Xiangtan 411105,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]},{"name":"School of Computational Science and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Engineering 2 , Xiangtan 411104,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0347-0644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weijie","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computational Science and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Engineering 2 , Xiangtan 411104,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computational Science and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Engineering 2 , Xiangtan 411104,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4249-9969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liupeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computational Science and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Engineering 2 , Xiangtan 411104,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0021-2789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changmin","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University 3 , Beijing 100875,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1102-7757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiacai","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University 3 , Beijing 100875,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2639-9131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangli","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University 1 , Xiangtan 411105,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5192-7648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinbin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University 1 , Xiangtan 411105,","place":["People\u2019s Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025071105453738200_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02308","article-title":"A high-mobility electron gas at the LaAlO3\/SrTiO3 heterointerface","volume":"427","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025071105453738200_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241107","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevb.80.241107","article-title":"X-ray photoemission studies of the metal\u2013insulator transition in LaAlO3\/SrTiO3 structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy","volume":"80","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. 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