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Chemical precompression has enabled a class of high-transition-temperature superconductors based on hydrogen-rich hydrides, whereas direct metallization of molecular hydrides remains challenging. In this study, we demonstrate the metallization of hydrogen confined within fixed two-dimensional graphene channels, which provide a nanoscale environment for effective compression. The confined hydrogen forms compressed molecular hydrides whose intermolecular H\u2013H separations are significantly reduced compared to those in ambient molecular hydrogen. Electronic structure calculations reveal that all the hydrogens in both stacks exhibit metallic properties. The Fermi surface of both stacks exhibits a peculiar nesting pattern, suggesting enhanced electron\u2013phonon coupling. These results identify graphene-confined hydrogen (graphene\u2013H6) systems as a promising platform for achieving metallic hydrogen and potentially low-pressure, high-Tc superconductors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0330830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T11:34:46Z","timestamp":1782214486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metallic hydrogen confined by graphene"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"164","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4799-0425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Qiang","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology 1 , Shanghai 200237,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology 1 , Shanghai 200237,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing 2 , Beijing 100083,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3553-0082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si-Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology 1 , Shanghai 200237,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3496-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiping","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology 1 , Shanghai 200237,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8460-268X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue-Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Dianji University 3 , Shanghai 201306,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062307344443900_c1","first-page":"120","article-title":"The resistance of pure mercury at helium temperatures","volume":"12","year":"1911","journal-title":"Commun. 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