{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T13:31:02Z","timestamp":1789047062991,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"9","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFA1209203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFA1209203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"New Cornerstone Science Foundation","award":["NCI202216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCI202216"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LRG25F050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LRG25F050001"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China","award":["JYB2025XDXM106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JYB2025XDXM106"]}]},{"name":"Instrument Innovation Program of the Institute of Fundamental and Transdisciplinary Research, Zhejiang University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Generation and characterization of ultra-confined optical fields are of great importance in fundamental optics and optical technologies. A dielectric nanoslit waveguide formed by a coupled nanofiber pair (CNP) can provide such a field openly accessible on its endface, exhibiting extreme confinement down to the sub-nanometer level. However, its direct imaging, which is critical for its characterization and applications, remains challenging, as such a field exists in the near field of the suspended microscale waveguide endface with ultra-small feature sizes. Here, we demonstrate the first near-field imaging of an ultra-confined optical field on the endface of a silica CNP based on a custom-built waveguiding-excited scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy system. Using the fiber-taper-assisted waveguiding excitation technique, we excite the nanoslit waveguiding mode with an efficiency of up to 89%. Leveraging the flexible configuration of the piezo-probe for precise engagement on the endface, we resolve the ultra-confined optical near field of the nanoslit mode at a 630-nm wavelength, with a spatial resolution of \u223c20\u00a0nm under an optimized probe tapping amplitude of 35\u00a0nm. The near-field imaging approach shown here enables in situ characterization of and direct access to the ultra-confined optical field on the endface of a nanoslit waveguide, which may lead to a variety of possibilities from nanometer-scale light\u2013matter interaction to optical nanoscopy and atom\/molecule manipulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0341343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T12:54:35Z","timestamp":1789044875000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Near-field imaging of an ultra-confined optical field on the endface of a nanoslit waveguide"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1663-9358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhanke","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University 1 , Hangzhou 310027,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2040-2598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University 1 , Hangzhou 310027,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Quantum Academy 2 , Shenzhen 518048,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6130-2278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University 1 , Hangzhou 310027,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7779-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Limin","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University 1 , Hangzhou 310027,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Institute of Fundamental and Transdisciplinary Research, Zhejiang University 3 , Hangzhou 310058,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University 4 , Taiyuan 030006,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7452","key":"2026091008542916900_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12151","article-title":"Chemical mapping of a single molecule by plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering","volume":"498","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7750","key":"2026091008542916900_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1059-9","article-title":"Visualizing vibrational normal modes of a single molecule with atomically confined light","volume":"568","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026091008542916900_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-019-0456-9","article-title":"High external-efficiency nanofocusing for lens-free near-field optical nanoscopy","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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