{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T10:59:39Z","timestamp":1790852379689,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"13","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000161","name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Graduate Fellowships for STEM Development"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Graduate Fellowships for STEM Development"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In alcohols, the hydrogen bonded network impacts important thermophysical properties, such as boiling point and viscosity. Hydrogen bonding in alcohols is influenced by solvent accessibility (steric hindrance) of the hydroxyl group. Quantifying hydrogen bonding of alcohols is critical to understanding their dissolution and phase separation in water and other solvents. The relaxation dynamics of this network occur on multiple timescales and length scales, and dielectric spectroscopy offers a direct path to accessing the collective dynamics of the hydrogen bonded network. Here, we used microwave microfluidic spectroscopy to quantify the effects of steric hindrance of propanol and butanol isomers at 25 and 30\u2009\u00b0C from 100\u00a0MHz to 40\u00a0GHz. The dielectric spectra were fitted with a model that includes two relaxations: a Debye relaxation (\u0394\u025b1) and a non-Debye (\u0394\u025b2) relaxation. Our results suggest that the relative static dielectric constant (\u025bs), the Debye peak amplitude (\u0394\u025b1), and the relaxation time constant (\u03c41) are all influenced by both steric hindrance and temperature. We develop a simple metric for steric hindrance in alcohols to explain the trends in the Debye relaxation time constant (\u03c41). Our results can be used to develop dielectric models and inform molecular simulation studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0344277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T10:40:16Z","timestamp":1790851216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isomeric effects in propanol and butanol isomers quantified with microwave microfluidic spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2210-9927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasaman","family":"Kazemipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Material Science, Colorado School of Mines 1 , 1500 Illinois St, Golden, Colorado 80401,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6704-2817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob T.","family":"Pawlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4528-1120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines 3 , 1500 Illinois St, Golden, Colorado 80401,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2026-978X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz M.","family":"Karpisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder 4 , 2000 Colorado Ave, Boulder, Colorado 80309,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5995-1220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas R.","family":"Jungwirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3844-3312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan T.","family":"Bosworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1539-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology 5 , 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5391-4699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan D.","family":"Orloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0256-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James C.","family":"Booth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8900-140X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela C.","family":"Stelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RF Technology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology 2 , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2026100106401380500_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2014.07.005","article-title":"Structure and dynamics of monohydroxy alcohols\u2013milestones towards their microscopic understanding, 100 years after Debye","volume":"545","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. 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Dielectric relaxation and intermolecular association in a series of isomeric octyl alcohols","volume":"139","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026100106401380500_c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167802","DOI":"10.1103\/physrevlett.109.167802","article-title":"Watching hydrogen-bonded structures in an alcohol convert from rings to chains","volume":"109","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"35","key":"2026100106401380500_c15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8946","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.5c04122","article-title":"Chain formation and addition drive the Debye relaxation of methanol","volume":"129","year":"2025","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Phys. Chem. 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L.\n            Charles\n          , \u201cMicrofluidic-based broadband measurements of fluid permittivity and permeability to 100 GHz,\u201d Ph.D. thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2017."},{"key":"2026100106401380500_c42","author":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, Standard Reference Data Program"},{"key":"2026100106401380500_c43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(67)90021-3","article-title":"A complex plane representation of dielectric and mechanical relaxation processes in some polymers","volume":"8","year":"1967","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"2026100106401380500_c44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnoncrysol.2014.07.024","article-title":"Nonlinear dielectric response of Debye, \u03b1, and \u03b2 relaxation in 1-propanol","volume":"407","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Non-Cryst. 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