{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T12:44:44Z","timestamp":1760705084863},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Manipulation and detection of magnetic beads on a semiconductor chip opens up new perspectives for analysis of magnetically labeled specimens in biomechanical micro-electromechanical systems for biological applications. Sensitive spin-valve sensors were integrated with magnetic field generating conductors to assess the behavior of ensembles of superparamagnetic nanoparticles 300 nm in diameter that contain 75%\u201380% magnetite. The spin-valve multilayer including a nanooxide layer achieves 8% magnetoresistance (MR) for an integrated device of 2\u00d716\u2009\u03bcm2. Motion of the magnetic particles towards and across the sensor is achieved by two tapered magnetic field generating current conductors. The spin-valve sensor detects the stray magnetic field that emanates from the ensemble of magnetic particles. We study the transients in the magnetic signal on the order of 1% MR. These results lead to a model that describes magnetization configurations of the cluster of beads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1447288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:23:32Z","timestamp":1027693412000},"page":"7445-7447","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["On-chip manipulation and magnetization assessment of magnetic bead ensembles by integrated spin-valve sensors"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Lagae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC vzw, Kapeldreef 75, 3000\u2009Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU, Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Wirix-Speetjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC vzw, Kapeldreef 75, 3000\u2009Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU, Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEC vzw, Kapeldreef 75, 3000\u2009Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU, Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC, Rua Alves Redol, 9 1000-029\u2009Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC, Rua Alves Redol, 9 1000-029\u2009Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"P. 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