{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T14:22:57Z","timestamp":1774275777370,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During the 1990s a large amount of work was dedicated to studying general relativity coupled to non-Abelian Yang-Mills type theories. Several remarkable results were accomplished. In particular, it was shown that the magnetic monopole, a solution of the Yang-Mills-Higgs equations can indeed be coupled to gravitation. For a low Higgs mass it was found that there are regular monopole solutions, and that for a sufficiently massive monopole the system develops an extremal magnetic Reissner-Nordstr\u00f6m quasihorizon with all the matter fields laying inside the horizon. These latter solutions, called quasi-black holes, although nonsingular, are arbitrarily close to having a horizon, and for an external observer it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish these from a true black hole as a critical solution is approached. However, at precisely the critical value the quasi-black hole turns into a degenerate space-time. On the other hand, for a high Higgs mass, a sufficiently massive monopole develops also a quasi-black hole, but at a critical value it turns into an extremal true horizon, now with matter fields showing up outside. One can also put a small Schwarzschild black hole inside the magnetic monopole, the configuration being an example of a non-Abelian black hole. Surprisingly, Majumdar-Papapetrou systems, Abelian systems constructed from extremal dust (pressureless matter with equal charge and energy densities), also show a resembling behavior. Previously, we have reported that one can find Majumdar-Papapetrou solutions which are everywhere nonsingular, but can be arbitrarily close of being a black hole, displaying the same quasi-black-hole behavior found in the gravitational magnetic monopole solutions. With the aim of better understanding the similarities between gravitational magnetic monopoles and Majumdar-Papapetrou systems, here we study a particular system, namely a system composed of two extremal electrically charged spherical shells (or stars, generically) in the Einstein-Maxwell-Majumdar-Papapetrou theory. We first review the gravitational properties of the magnetic monopoles, and then compare with the gravitational properties of the double extremal electric shell system. These quasi-black-hole solutions can help in the understanding of true black holes, and can give some insight into the nature of the entropy of black holes in the form of entanglement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2184766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,14]],"date-time":"2006-04-14T22:05:53Z","timestamp":1145052353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Gravitational magnetic monopoles and Majumdar-Papapetrou stars"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 P. S.","family":"Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrof\u00edsica\u2014CENTRA, Departamento de F\u00edsica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, , Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal and Observat\u00f3rio Nacional\u2014MCT, Rua General Jos\u00e9 Cristino 77, 20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Vilson T.","family":"Zanchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Departamento de F\u00edsica, , 97119-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080120100181400_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.61.141","volume":"61","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2023080120100181400_c2","first-page":"346","volume":"50","year":"1990","journal-title":"JETP Lett."},{"key":"2023080120100181400_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2844","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.64.2844","volume":"64","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. 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