{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:31:50Z","timestamp":1773102710680,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We demonstrate the efficient generation of 4\u2009mm and 8\u2009mm long plasma waveguides in hydrogen and helium. These waveguides have matching spots sizes for 13 to 34\u2009\u03bcm laser beams. The plasma waveguides are created by ultra-short laser pulses (sub-picosecond) of moderate intensities, \u223c1015\u20131016\u2009W cm\u22122, that heat the plasma to initial temperatures of tens of eV in order to create a hot plasma column that will expand into a plasma waveguide. We have determined that the main heating mechanism when using fs laser pulses and plasma densities \u223c1018\u201319\u2009cm\u22123 is Above Threshold Ionization. Detailed time and space electron density measurements are presented for the laser produced plasma waveguides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4810797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,12]],"date-time":"2013-06-12T22:11:22Z","timestamp":1371075082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Plasma expansion into a waveguide created by a linearly polarized femtosecond laser pulse"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GoLP\/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\u00e3o Nuclear \u2013 Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico 1 , 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Grismayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GoLP\/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\u00e3o Nuclear \u2013 Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico 1 , 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GoLP\/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\u00e3o Nuclear \u2013 Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico 1 , 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Figueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GoLP\/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\u00e3o Nuclear \u2013 Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico 1 , 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Issac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish Universities Physics Alliance 2 University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, , John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"D. A.","family":"Jaroszynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish Universities Physics Alliance 2 University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, , John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GoLP\/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\u00e3o Nuclear \u2013 Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico 1 , 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7008","key":"2023062411562053400_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02963","volume":"431","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023062411562053400_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys418","volume":"2","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Phys."},{"issue":"7008","key":"2023062411562053400_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02939","volume":"431","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023062411562053400_c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.6.001195","volume":"6","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. B"},{"issue":"24","key":"2023062411562053400_c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5528","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.84.5528","volume":"84","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023062411562053400_c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.43.267","volume":"43","year":"1979","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023062411562053400_c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"056709","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1882352","volume":"12","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023062411562053400_c8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2357594","volume":"13","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023062411562053400_c9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R4899","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.57.R4899","volume":"57","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"issue":"23","key":"2023062411562053400_c10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4655","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.82.4655","volume":"82","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"17","key":"2023062411562053400_c11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.64.2011","volume":"64","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023062411562053400_c12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1063\/1.859561","volume":"2","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys. Fluids"},{"issue":"15","key":"2023062411562053400_c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.69.2200","volume":"69","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"21","key":"2023062411562053400_c14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4047","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.78.4047","volume":"78","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"17","key":"2023062411562053400_c15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175003","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.102.175003","volume":"102","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"15","key":"2023062411562053400_c16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.71.2409","volume":"71","year":"1993","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023062411562053400_c17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1063\/1.873503","volume":"6","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"issue":"20","key":"2023062411562053400_c18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4186","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.4186","volume":"77","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"18","key":"2023062411562053400_c19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185003","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.89.185003","volume":"89","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023062411562053400_c20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1109\/TPS.2008.927145","volume":"36","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci."},{"key":"2023062411562053400_c21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevSTAB.15.121301","volume":"15","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023062411562053400_c22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3009","DOI":"10.1063\/1.874153","volume":"7","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023062411562053400_c23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"093101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3212589","volume":"16","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023062411562053400_c24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L21","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1695354","volume":"11","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023062411562053400_c25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.59.1092","volume":"59","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"2023062411562053400_c26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.62.1259","volume":"62","year":"1989","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2023062411562053400_c27a","first-page":"1307","volume":"20","year":"1965","journal-title":"Sov. Phys. JETP"},{"key":"2023062411562053400_c27b","first-page":"1945","volume":"47","year":"1964","journal-title":"Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023062411562053400_c28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.46.2077","volume":"46","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"2023062411562053400_c29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.58.1399","volume":"58","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023062411562053400_c30","first-page":"1191","volume":"64","year":"1986","journal-title":"Sov. Phys. JETP"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023062411562053400_c31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.51.2368","volume":"51","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023062411562053400_c32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.13.000089","volume":"13","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. B"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023062411562053400_c33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.78.2373","volume":"78","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"2023062411562053400_c34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L159","DOI":"10.1086\/312621","volume":"533","year":"2000","journal-title":"Astrophys. J."},{"issue":"5004","key":"2023062411562053400_c35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1126\/science.252.5004.397","volume":"252","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023062411562053400_c36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1086\/305488","volume":"497","year":"1998","journal-title":"ApJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023062411562053400_c37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103301","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3233895","volume":"80","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023062411562053400_c38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.53.3379","volume":"53","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023062411562053400_c39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.16.000835","volume":"16","year":"1991","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023062411562053400_c40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.12.000731","volume":"12","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. B"},{"key":"2023062411562053400_c41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0584-8547(02)00087-3","volume":"57","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta, Part B"},{"key":"2023062411562053400_c42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"061301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevSTAB.10.061301","volume":"10","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams"}],"container-title":["Physics of Plasmas"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/pop\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1063\/1.4810797\/16650867\/063102_1_online.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/pop\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1063\/1.4810797\/16650867\/063102_1_online.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]],"date-time":"2023-06-25T01:03:18Z","timestamp":1687654998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/pop\/article\/20\/6\/063102\/124537\/Plasma-expansion-into-a-waveguide-created-by-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4810797","relation":{},"ISSN":["1070-664X","1089-7674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1070-664X","type":"print"},{"value":"1089-7674","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"article-number":"063102"}}