{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:12:38Z","timestamp":1773288758923,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01GM104987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM104987"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000913","name":"James S. McDonnell Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000913","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001229","name":"G Harold and Leila Y. Mathers Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99\/R00 AG030677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99\/R00 AG030677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the world's most prevalent medical conditions. Contemporary management focuses on lowering mean blood glucose values toward a normal range, but largely ignores the dynamics of glucose fluctuations. We probed analyte time series obtained from continuous glucose monitor (CGM) sensors. We show that the fluctuations in CGM values sampled every 5\u2009min are not uncorrelated noise. Next, using multiscale entropy analysis, we quantified the complexity of the temporal structure of the CGM time series from a group of elderly subjects with type 2 DM and age-matched controls. We further probed the structure of these CGM time series using detrended fluctuation analysis. Our findings indicate that the dynamics of glucose fluctuations from control subjects are more complex than those of subjects with type 2 DM over time scales ranging from about 5\u2009min to 5\u2009h. These findings support consideration of a new framework, dynamical glucometry, to guide mechanistic research and to help assess and compare therapeutic interventions, which should enhance complexity of glucose fluctuations and not just lower mean and variance of blood glucose levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4894537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]],"date-time":"2014-09-24T00:30:31Z","timestamp":1411518631000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Dynamical glucometry: Use of multiscale entropy analysis in diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Madalena D.","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA"},{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School 2 , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA"},{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) 3 , Porto, Portugal and , Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es 3 , Porto, Portugal and , Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Medha N.","family":"Munshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School 2 , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA"},{"name":"Joslin Diabetes Center 4 , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA"}]},{"given":"Alissa R.","family":"Segal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joslin Diabetes Center 4 , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA"},{"name":"MCPHS University 5 , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA"}]},{"given":"Ary L.","family":"Goldberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA"},{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School 2 , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2024031600554748900_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-S081","volume":"37","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024031600554748900_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-S014","volume":"37","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1638","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00241.2006","volume":"291","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1625411","volume":"46","year":"2007","journal-title":"Methods Inform. Med."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2010.0059","volume":"12","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol. Ther."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2011.12.007","volume":"61","year":"2012","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"068102","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.89.068102","volume":"89","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(92)90102-S","volume":"58","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physica D"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2039","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2000.278.6.H2039","volume":"278","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20901","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.78.020901","volume":"78","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.08.022","volume":"28","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Crit. Care"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.10.002","volume":"90","year":"2014","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1063\/1.166141","volume":"5","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chaos"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c14","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"011114","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.011114","volume":"64","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021906","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.71.021906","volume":"71","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(67)90002-9","volume":"16","year":"1967","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(68)90091-7","volume":"17","year":"1968","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S3812","volume":"1","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R175","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11657","volume":"16","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681300700609","volume":"7","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2024031600554748900_c22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11834","volume":"16","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/cha\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1063\/1.4894537\/19794467\/033139_1_online.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/cha\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1063\/1.4894537\/19794467\/033139_1_online.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]],"date-time":"2024-03-16T00:56:07Z","timestamp":1710550567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/cha\/article\/24\/3\/033139\/135491\/Dynamical-glucometry-Use-of-multiscale-entropy"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4894537","relation":{},"ISSN":["1054-1500","1089-7682"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1054-1500","type":"print"},{"value":"1089-7682","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"article-number":"033139"}}