{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:04:50Z","timestamp":1753873490900,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000766","name":"Atomic Weapons Establishment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000766","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We demonstrate the use of extreme ultra-violet (EUV) laboratory lasers in probing energy transport in laser irradiated solid targets. EUV transmission through targets containing a thin layer of iron (50\u2009nm) encased in plastic (CH) after irradiation by a short pulse (35 fs) laser focussed to irradiances 3\u2009\u00d7\u20091016 Wcm\u22122 is measured. Heating of the iron layer gives rise to a rapid decrease in EUV opacity and an increase in the transmission of the 13.9\u2009nm laser radiation as the iron ionizes to Fe5+ and above where the ion ionisation energy is greater than the EUV probe photon energy (89\u2009eV). A one dimensional hydrodynamic fluid code HYADES has been used to simulate the temporal variation in EUV transmission (wavelength 13.9\u2009nm) using IMP opacity values for the iron layer and the simulated transmissions are compared to measured transmission values. When a deliberate pre-pulse is used to preform an expanding plastic plasma, it is found that radiation is important in the heating of the iron layer while for pre-pulse free irradiation, radiation transport is not significant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4913357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,20]],"date-time":"2015-02-20T18:00:17Z","timestamp":1424455217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diagnosis of energy transport in iron buried layer targets using an extreme ultraviolet laser"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of York 1 York Plasma Institute, , York YO10 5DQ, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Culfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of York 1 York Plasma Institute, , York YO10 5DQ, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0123-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. K.","family":"Rossall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of York 1 York Plasma Institute, , York YO10 5DQ, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8333-5660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. A.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory 2 Central Laser Facility, , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Guilbaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique de Gaz et des Plasmas 3 , UMR 8578 CNRS, Orsay, France"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kazamias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique de Gaz et des Plasmas 3 , UMR 8578 CNRS, Orsay, France"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Delmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique de Gaz et des Plasmas 3 , UMR 8578 CNRS, Orsay, France"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Demailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique de Gaz et des Plasmas 3 , UMR 8578 CNRS, Orsay, France"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Maitrallain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Physique de Gaz et des Plasmas 3 , UMR 8578 CNRS, Orsay, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3488-0993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Pittman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Laser de I'Universite Paris Sud 4 LASERIX, , Federation Lumiere-Matiere, FR2764, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Baynard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Laser de I'Universite Paris Sud 4 LASERIX, , Federation Lumiere-Matiere, FR2764, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Farjardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico 5 Centro de Fisica de Plasmas, , Av. 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