{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T18:35:51Z","timestamp":1773167751085,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A self-consistent model of single-stage electrohydrodynamic thrusters is proposed in order to compare and study their performances in terms of net thrust production and thrust-to-power efficiency. Simulations of three thruster's cathode configurations (conical, cylindrical, and funnel-like) at a working pressure of \u224366.7\u2009Pa (0.5\u2009Torr) were conducted. Three working gases were employed: argon (Ar, Ar*, and Ar+), nitrogen (N, N+, N2,\u2009N2+, and N4+), and oxygen (O, O+, O\u2212,\u2009O2,\u2009O2+, and O2\u2212). We found the funnel-like cathode configuration to produce the highest amount of thrust comparing with the other studied cathode geometries. Additionally, nitrogen gas presented the highest net thrust of 5.2 nN with a thrust-to-power ratio of 0.94\u2009\u03bcN\/W. Although the thrust obtained for oxygen is more than one order of magnitude lower than nitrogen's, the thrust-to-power ratio obtained is more than three times greater.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4958815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,22]],"date-time":"2016-07-22T00:30:45Z","timestamp":1469147445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Electrostatic propulsion device for aerodynamics applications"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4085-3596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor H.","family":"Granados","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto 1 Departamento de Engenharia F\u00edsica, , Rua Doutor Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5500-7408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario J.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa 2 Departamento de F\u00edsica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico-IST, , Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9167-3419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo A.","family":"S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto 1 Departamento de Engenharia F\u00edsica, , Rua Doutor Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023071522431682100_c1","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Physico-Mechanical Experiments on Various Subjects","year":"1709","edition":"1st ed."},{"key":"2023071522431682100_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1080\/14786449908621431","article-title":"On the velocity and mass of ions in the electric wind in air","volume":"48","year":"1899","journal-title":"Philos. 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