{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:24:19Z","timestamp":1772497459017,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Reversible computation has been proposed as a future paradigm for energy efficient computation, but so far few implementations have been realized in practice. Quantum circuits, running on quantum computers, are one construct known to be reversible. In this work, we provide a proof-of-principle of classical logical gates running on quantum technologies. In particular, we propose and realize experimentally, Toffoli and Half-Adder circuits suitable for classical computation, using radio frequency-controlled 171Yb+ ions in a macroscopic linear Paul-trap as qubits. We analyze the energy required to operate the logic gates, both theoretically and experimentally, with a focus on the control energy. We identify bottlenecks and possible improvements in future platforms for energetically efficient computation, e.g., trap chips with integrated antennas and cavity qed. Our experimentally verified energetic model also fills a gap in the literature of the energetics of quantum information and outlines the path for its detailed study, as well as its potential applications to classical computing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0176719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T10:32:09Z","timestamp":1697020329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Classical half-adder using trapped-ion quantum bits: Toward energy-efficient computation"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1633-4414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sagar","family":"Silva Pratapsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon 1 , Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es 2 , Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Patrick H.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen 3 , 57068 Siegen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Barthel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen 3 , 57068 Siegen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Sougato","family":"Bose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London 4 , London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Wunderlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen 3 , 57068 Siegen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Yasser","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon 1 , Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal"},{"name":"Physics of Information and Quantum Technologies Group, Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA) 5 , Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal"},{"name":"PQI\u2014Portuguese Quantum Institute 6 , Lisbon 1600-531, Portugal"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023101110263694000_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba3758","article-title":"Recalibrating global data center energy-use estimates","volume":"367","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023101110263694000_c2","volume-title":"Energy Efficiency of Computing: What's Next?","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023101110263694000_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1147\/rd.53.0183","article-title":"Irreversibility and heat generation in the computing process","volume":"5","year":"1961","journal-title":"IBM J. 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