{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T18:02:07Z","timestamp":1771696927399,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T22:24:13Z","timestamp":1758579853000},"page":"118-129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Radiological approach to emergent ocular and orbital pathology: a visual review"],"prefix":"10.1067","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8770-3849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel Pereiro","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Robles","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabela Garc\u00eda","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda P\u00e9rez","family":"Costas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro Jos\u00e9 de la Iglesia","family":"Salas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rub\u00e9n M\u00e9ndez","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Milagros Otero","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0001","first-page":"101602","article-title":"ENCINAS de la Iglesia J. Urgencias oftalmol\u00f3gicas","author":"Maci\u00e1 Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.286085515","article-title":"Nontraumatic orbital conditions: diagnosis with CT and MR imaging in the emergent setting","volume":"28","author":"LeBedis","year":"2008","journal-title":"RadioGr [Internet]"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-018-2103-4","article-title":"CT and MR imaging of orbital inflammation","volume":"60","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2016.17.5.664","article-title":"Eye globe abnormalities on MR and CT in adults: an anatomical approach","volume":"17","author":"Hallinan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0000000000000288","article-title":"Update on current aspects of orbital imaging: CT, MRI, and ultrasonography","volume":"59","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.343135120","article-title":"Injuries of the globe: what can the radiologist offer?","volume":"34","author":"Sung","year":"2014","journal-title":"RadioGr [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0007","first-page":"101597","article-title":"Infecciones orbitarias y sus complicaciones: una revisi\u00f3n en im\u00e1genes","volume":"67","author":"Martinez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160119","article-title":"Demystifying orbital emergencies: a pictorial review","volume":"37","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2024.01.008","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in paediatric ocular and orbital lesions: a pictorial review","volume":"54","author":"Dhillon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Probl Diagn Radiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.240026","article-title":"Assun\u00e7\u00e3o FB. Practical approach to orbital lesions by anatomic compartments","volume":"44","author":"Gotti Naves","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y","article-title":"Imaging review of ocular and optic nerve trauma","volume":"27","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-021-01142-y","article-title":"Computed tomography in traumatic orbital emergencies: a pictorial essay\u2014imaging findings, tips, and report flowchart","volume":"13","author":"Cellina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2019.02.003","article-title":"Pediatric preseptal and orbital cellulitis: a 10-year experience","volume":"120","author":"Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-020-04745-7","article-title":"Imaging of orbital infectious and inflammatory disease in children","volume":"51","author":"Nagaraj","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.24061","article-title":"MOGAD: how it differs from and resembles other neuroinflammatory disorders","volume":"216","author":"Shahriari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v6.i4.106","article-title":"Orbital inflammatory disease: pictorial review and differential diagnosis","volume":"6","author":"Pakdaman","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E175","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.325115105","article-title":"US of the Eye made easy: a comprehensive how-to review with ophthalmoscopic correlation","volume":"32","author":"Lorente-Ramos","year":"2012","journal-title":"RadioGr [Internet]"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.286085523","article-title":"Imaging of orbital trauma","volume":"28","author":"Kubal","year":"2008","journal-title":"RadioGr [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2010.09.003","article-title":"Ct mri [Internet]","volume":"32","author":"Dunkin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Globe Trauma Semin Ultrasound"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.11010","article-title":"CT of globe rupture: analysis and frequency of findings","volume":"202","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.153.3.6494462","article-title":"Computed tomographic analysis of deformity and dimensional changes in the eyeball","volume":"153","author":"Osborne","year":"1984","journal-title":"Radiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.320","article-title":"Incidence, ocular findings, and systemic associations of ocular coloboma: a population-based study","volume":"129","author":"Nakamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol (Chic Ill 1960) [Internet]"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.137.5.963","article-title":"Computed tomography of blow-out fracture of the medial orbital wall","volume":"137","author":"Zilkha","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcr.2017.10.008","article-title":"Isolated orbital roof blow-in fracture","volume":"12","author":"Rountree","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trauma Case Rep [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S180058","article-title":"Orbital compartment syndrome: an update with review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"McCallum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7840","article-title":"Imaging the tight orbit: radiologic manifestations of orbital compartment syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Maier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0027","article-title":"Orbital compartment syndrome: pearls and pitfalls for the emergency physician","volume":"2","author":"Murali","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACEP Open [Internet]"},{"issue":"03","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.2310\/10.2310\/8000.2011.110279","article-title":"The \u201cguitar pick\u201d sign: a novel sign of retrobulbar hemorrhage","volume":"13","author":"Theoret","year":"2011","journal-title":"CJEM [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31822672c4","article-title":"Radiographic predictors of visual outcome in orbital compartment syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Oester","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-025-03924-0","article-title":"Intraventricular silicone oil migration post-retinal detachment surgery: diagnostic features and classification - a case study with literature review","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol [Internet]"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2016.05.003","article-title":"Silicone oil migration along the optic nerve after intraocular tamponade","volume":"91","author":"Gargallo Vaamonde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-018-1582-2","article-title":"Recognizing intraventricular silicone","volume":"25","author":"Mayl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhong H., Bianchi C.M., Patel S.J., Wolfe A.R., Visvikis G.A. Intracranial migration of intraocular silicone oil following repetitive head trauma. Radiol case reports [Internet]. 2019 Sep;14(9):1163\u20136. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/31360280.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2019.06.026"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.01.002","article-title":"Survey of 1264 patients with orbital tumors and simulating lesions","volume":"111","author":"Shields","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0035","unstructured":"ISSVA Classification of Vascular Anomalies \u00a92025 International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies [Internet]. Available from: issva.org\/classification."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1586\/eop.13.9","article-title":"Orbital vascular lesions: a review of clinical and imaging findings","volume":"8","author":"Alvarez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Ophthalmol [Internet]"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2022.07.101","article-title":"Cavernous hemangioma of the orbit: case report and a review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Ayoub","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep [Internet]"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0038","first-page":"356","article-title":"Vascular anomalies of the orbit\u2013a reappraisal","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia-Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila Pa) [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000176","article-title":"The natural history of orbital cavernous hemangiomas","volume":"31","author":"McNab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg [Internet]"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.177147","article-title":"Analysis of clinically suspected orbital cavernomas","volume":"94","author":"Wiegand","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol [Internet]"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185119885119","article-title":"CT angiogram findings in carotid-cavernous fistulas: stratification of imaging features to help radiologists avoid misdiagnosis","volume":"61","author":"Benson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Radiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2004.08.004","article-title":"Carotid cavernous fistulas: anatomy, classification, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ringer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am [Internet]"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0043","article-title":"The complexities of orbital arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review of clinical features and treatment approaches","volume":"16","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0044","first-page":"1","article-title":"Imaging of adult ocular and orbital pathology\u2013a pictorial review","volume":"8","author":"Grech","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejro.2019.07.002","article-title":"Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis: what radiologist and clinician must know?","volume":"6","author":"Sotoudeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol Open [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000872","article-title":"Dilated superior ophthalmic vein: clinical and radiographic features of 113 cases","volume":"34","author":"Adam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrex.2010.05.008","article-title":"Orbital varix: CT and MRI findings","volume":"75","author":"Ulus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol Extra [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.281075040","article-title":"Vascular lesions of the orbit: more than meets the eye","volume":"28","author":"Smoker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiogr [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1177\/08465371211061660","article-title":"A review of the pathophysiology, imaging findings, and mimics","volume":"73","author":"Guarnizo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J [Internet]"}],"container-title":["Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S036301882500163X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S036301882500163X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:35:45Z","timestamp":1763598945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S036301882500163X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S036301882500163X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-0188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-0188","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Radiological approach to emergent ocular and orbital pathology: a visual review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2025.09.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}