{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T16:03:33Z","timestamp":1758125013983,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]],"date-time":"2000-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":965088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,11]],"date-time":"2005-03-11T15:51:27Z","timestamp":1110556287000},"page":"175-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Is prophylactic ciprofloxacin effective in delaying biliary stent blockage?"],"prefix":"10.1067","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric D.","family":"Libby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas W.","family":"Morck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon G.","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kan","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merle E.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02065519","article-title":"Endoscopic stenting for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction","volume":"40","author":"Sung","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.4.467","article-title":"Symptom relief and quality of life after stenting for malignant bile duct obstruction","volume":"35","author":"Ballinger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91967-4","article-title":"Randomised trial of prevention of biliary stent occlusion by ursodeoxycholic acid plus norfloxacin","volume":"344","author":"Barrioz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92752-2","article-title":"Randomised trial of self-expanding metal stents versus polyethylene stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction","volume":"40","author":"Davids","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.12.1757","article-title":"Prevention of biliary stent occlusion using cyclical antibiotics and ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"35","author":"Ghosh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010294","article-title":"A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of metal stents for malignant obstruction of the common bile duct","volume":"25","author":"Knyrim","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800751207","article-title":"Endoscopic biliary endoprosthesis in the palliation of malignant obstruction of the distal common bile duct: a randomized trial","volume":"75","author":"Shepherd","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90455-3","article-title":"Randomised trial of endoscopic stenting versus surgical bypass in malignant low bile duct obstruction","volume":"344","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(94)70064-8","article-title":"Omitting side holes in biliary stents does not improve drainage of the obstructed biliary system: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"40","author":"Sung","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02966209","article-title":"Investigation on the incrustation and obstruction of bile duct endoprostheses","volume":"15","author":"Wosiewitz","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Endoscopica"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1018235","article-title":"Characterization of the content of occluded biliary endoprostheses","volume":"19","author":"Groen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(88)71223-7","article-title":"The role of bacteria in the blockage of biliary stents","volume":"34","author":"Leung","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-4-546","article-title":"Biliary stent blockage with bacterial biofilm","volume":"108","author":"Speer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91265-8","article-title":"The clogged biliary endoprosthesis: help on the way","volume":"99","author":"Levine","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(89)72895-9","article-title":"A placebo-controlled study on the efficacy of aspirin and doxycycline in preventing clogging of biliary endoprostheses","volume":"35","author":"Smit","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70007-6","article-title":"A combination of Ciprofloxacin and Rowachol does not prevent biliary stent occlusion","volume":"49","author":"Luman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"AB150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(97)80502-0","article-title":"Can Ciprofloxacin prevent blockage of polyethylene biliary stents [abstract]?","volume":"45","author":"Sung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(93)70058-9","article-title":"Optimal timing for stent replacement in malignant biliary tract obstruction","volume":"39","author":"Frakes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00971.x","article-title":"Ascending infection of the biliary tract after surgical sphincterotomy and biliary stenting","volume":"7","author":"Sung","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib20","first-page":"410","article-title":"Retrieval tail offsets advantage of proximal stent placement [abstract]","volume":"40","author":"Libby","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"year":"1991","series-title":"Manual of clinical microbiology","author":"Balows","key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib21"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840140631","article-title":"Physicochemical and bacteriological analysis of the contents of occluded biliary endoprostheses","volume":"14","author":"Moesch","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-196607000-00010","article-title":"Pathogenesis of calcium bilirubinate gallstone: role of E. coli, \u03b2-glucuronidase and coagulation by inorganic ions, polyelectrolytes and agitation","volume":"164","author":"Maki","year":"1966","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529108998605","article-title":"Clogging of biliary endoprostheses. A morphologic and bacteriologic study","volume":"26","author":"Dowidar","year":"1991","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(00)70379-8","article-title":"Polyethylene stent blockage: a porcine model","volume":"51","author":"Maillot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1982.01380280037008","article-title":"Biliary bacteria: significance and alteration after antibiotic therapy","volume":"117","author":"Pitt","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1993.tb01171.x","article-title":"Bacterial biofilm, brown pigment stone and blockage of biliary stents","volume":"8","author":"Sung","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(98)70186-5","article-title":"Is there a synergistic effect between mixed bacterial infection in biofilm formation on biliary stents?","volume":"48","author":"Leung","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib29","first-page":"306","article-title":"Tetracyclines and choramphenicol","author":"Standiford","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(94)70115-6","article-title":"Antibiotics, biliary sepsis and bile duct stones","volume":"40","author":"Leung","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib31","first-page":"130","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin: evaluation of its biliary excretion in man","author":"Brogard","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1155\/1989\/41415","article-title":"The phamacokinetics of the biliary excretion of ciprofloxacin","volume":"1","author":"Ball","year":"1989","journal-title":"HPB Surg"},{"issue":"6C","key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib33","first-page":"31S","article-title":"Comparative pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin","volume":"87","author":"Wolfson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(88)71407-8","article-title":"Endoscopic management of malignant biliary obstruction: stents of 10 French gauge are preferable to stents of 8 French gauge","volume":"34","author":"Speer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(77)90277-1","article-title":"The bile acid composition of rabbit and cat gallbladder bile","volume":"8","author":"Taylor","year":"1977","journal-title":"Steroid Biochem"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.05.681","article-title":"3a-Hydroxylated bile acid profiles in clinically normal cats, cats with severe hepatic lipidosis, and cats with complete extrahepatic bile duct occlusion","volume":"54","author":"Center","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib37","first-page":"254","article-title":"Physiology and pathophysiology of bilirubin metabolism","author":"Blanckaert","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib38","first-page":"85","article-title":"Obstructive jaundice in a cat resulting from choledocholithiasis","volume":"185","author":"Wolf","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588502200312","article-title":"Cholangitis, choledocholithiasis, and icterus in a cat","volume":"22","author":"Morrison","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib40","first-page":"AB234","article-title":"Adherence of resistant bacteria may account for failure of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis in stent blockage [abstract]","volume":"49","author":"Leung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107716_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.11.2043","article-title":"Testing the susceptibility of bacteria in biofilm to antibacterial agents","volume":"34","author":"Anwar","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016510700531381?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016510700531381?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T17:28:04Z","timestamp":1735234084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016510700531381"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016510700531381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mge.2000.107716","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5107"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0016-5107"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}}}