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Although anecdotally reported, there are no scientific clinical papers and few prior laboratory research publications on the subject. This study compares perilymph dexamethasone concentrations after systemic and intratympanic administration and assesses the role of 3 potential transport facilitators of IT\u2010DEX into perilymph. Forty guinea pigs (79 ears) were randomly separated into 5\u00a0groups. Dexamethasone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. IT\u2010DEX resulted in higher perilymph steroid levels than intravenous dexamethasone (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Histamine facilitator resulted in significantly higher perilymph steroid levels than IT\u2010DEX alone (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Neither hyaluronic acid nor dimethylsulfoxide was a potent facilitator. This study demonstrates that IT\u2010DEX administration results in superior perilymph levels within 1 hour of administration and does not result in systemic absorption. Histamine is a potent facilitating agent. The clinical implications are considerable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.102578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,20]],"date-time":"2013-05-20T14:34:23Z","timestamp":1369060463000},"page":"521-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in the inner ear: Comparison of route of administration and use of facilitating agents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Sujana S.","family":"Chandrasekhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran Y.","family":"Rubinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey 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