{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:09:12Z","timestamp":1767650952793,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6028,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vestibular complaints of Gulf War veterans were characterized by a nested case\u2010control study of 23 veterans with 3 different Gulf War syndromes and 20\u00a0matched control subjects. All subjects completed a standardized symptom questionnaire and underwent standard audiovestibular tests administered by audiologists blinded to group identities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of reported dizzy spells was higher in veterans with Gulf War syndromes 1 (100%), 2 (85%), and 3 (100%) than in controls (25%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). Dizzy spells were more frequent, lasted longer, and involved a wider variety of accompanying symptoms in veterans with syndrome 2 than in those with syndromes 1 and 3. Audiovestibular testing showed greater interocular asymmetry of nystagmic velocity on sinusoidal harmonic acceleration in syndromes 1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.015) and 2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), greater asymmetry of saccadic velocity in syndrome 2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.4), diminished nystagmic velocity after caloric stimulation bilaterally in syndrome 3 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02 to 0.04), more subjects with pathologic nystagmus (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.09), and greater interside asymmetry of wave I to III interpeak latency on auditory brain stem response in syndromes 1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005) and 2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.07). Asymmetry of gain on sinusoidal harmonic acceleration and pathologic nystagmus were most strongly associated with symptoms of paroxysmal vertigo (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002 and 0.07, respectively); asymmetry of saccadic velocity, with the severity of vertigo (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.004); and abnormal caloric response, with chronic dysequilibrium (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings are compatible with a subtle neurologic injury from organophosphate\u2010induced delayed neurotoxicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.105783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]],"date-time":"2013-05-17T11:47:55Z","timestamp":1368791275000},"page":"319-329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Vestibular dysfunction in Gulf War syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Peter S.","family":"Roland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Haley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Division Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Yellin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela G.","family":"Shoup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. 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