{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:38:40Z","timestamp":1761057520396,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5114,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Histologic changes have not been systematically assessed in chronic rhinosinusitis. Quantitative histochemical studies evaluated the extent of sinus disease and gland density in the middle turbinates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sinus computed tomography scans of 34 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were retrospectively graded 0 to IV according to the May classification. Middle turbinates from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (n = 46) and normal patients (n = 7) were harvested during endoscopic sinus surgery. The areas of Alcian blue\u2010stained glands were assessed in paraffin sections using a computer\u2010assisted microscopy video system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcian blue\u2010stained glands occupied 7.94% of normal mucosa. The staining in all grade III rhinosinusitis subjects was increased to 12.94% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). In contrast, grade IV pansinusitis was associated with nasal polyposis (6 of 6) with decreased gland area (3.04%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). When polyp patients were excluded from grade III rhinosinusitis, the Alcian blue\u2010staining area was 17.68% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distinct polypoid and glandular histopathologic patterns are present in chronic rhinosinusitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2002.126800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,4]],"date-time":"2003-02-04T21:49:09Z","timestamp":1044395349000},"page":"190-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Density of Middle Turbinate Subepithelial Mucous Glands in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Sonya","family":"Malekzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc D.","family":"Hamburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Department of Surgery University of Maryland Medical Systems Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Whelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Maryland General Hospital Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Biedlingmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Services Maryland General Hospital Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James N.","family":"Baraniuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Department of Medicine Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488409130975"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409124321"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199711000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Sinusitis: Bench to bedside. 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