{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:27:37Z","timestamp":1790908057460,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]],"date-time":"2003-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1051747200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,6]],"date-time":"2016-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4815,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,9]],"date-time":"2003-06-09T19:04:44Z","timestamp":1055185484000},"page":"1070-1082","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":212,"title":["Outcomes after the Norwood operation in neonates with critical aortic stenosis or aortic valve atresia"],"prefix":"10.25013","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"David A.","family":"Ashburn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian W.","family":"McCrindle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christo I.","family":"Tchervenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marshall L.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary K.","family":"Lofland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward L.","family":"Bove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas L.","family":"Spray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene H.","family":"Blackstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(94)90562-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of congenital heart disease in the United States","volume":"127","author":"Gillum","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am Heart J."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Pathologic anatomy and interrelationship of hypoplasia of the aortic tract complexes","volume":"1","author":"Lev","year":"1952","journal-title":"Lab Invest."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)39288-8","article-title":"Experience with operations for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Norwood","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301063080106","article-title":"Physiologic repair of aortic atresia-hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"308","author":"Norwood","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.111207","article-title":"Critical aortic stenosis in the neonate: a multi-institutional study of management, outcomes, and risk factors","volume":"121","author":"Lofland","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(98)70008-X","article-title":"Intermediate survival in neonates with aortic atresia: a multi-institutional study","volume":"116","author":"Jacobs","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I152","DOI":"10.1161\/hc37t1.094837","article-title":"Are outcomes of surgical versus transcatheter balloon valvotomy equivalent in neonatal critical aortic stenosis?","volume":"104","author":"McCrindle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(00)70192-9","article-title":"Results of Norwood stage I operation: comparison of hypoplastic left heart syndrome with other malformations","volume":"119","author":"Daebritz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"II262","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.9.262","article-title":"Ten-year institutional experience with palliative surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: risk factors related to stage I mortality","volume":"92","author":"Forbess","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02324-9","article-title":"Unexpected death after reconstructive surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"71","author":"Mahle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.73.5.456","article-title":"Surgery for infants with a hypoplastic systemic ventricle and severe outflow obstruction: early results with a modified Norwood procedure","volume":"73","author":"Bu'Lock","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br Heart J."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S546","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(95)00848-9","article-title":"Modified Norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Fraser","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)36381-0","article-title":"Primary repair of interrupted aortic arch and severe aortic stenosis in neonates","volume":"93","author":"Yasui","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib14","first-page":"45","article-title":"Theory of competing risks. Griffin's statistical monographs and courses: No. 39","author":"David","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1986.10478314","article-title":"The decomposition of time-varying hazard into phases, each incorporating a separate stream of concomitant information","volume":"81","author":"Blackstone","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.119858","article-title":"Clinical-pathological conference: use and choice of statistical methods for the clinical study, \u201cSuperficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.\u201d","volume":"122","author":"Blackstone","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s002469900314","article-title":"Current status of staged reconstruction for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Bove","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80232-X","article-title":"Management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome in a consortium of university hospitals","volume":"76","author":"Gutgesell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00855-X","article-title":"Survival analysis and risk factors for mortality in transplantation and staged surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Jenkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib20","first-page":"III136","article-title":"Survival after reconstructive surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"102","author":"Mahle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)02795-3","article-title":"Evolving strategies and improving outcomes of the modified Norwood procedure: a 10-year single-institution experience","volume":"72","author":"Azakie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)00631-1","article-title":"The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Congenital Heart Surgery Database report: analysis of the first harvest","volume":"1999","author":"Mavroudis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00529-3","article-title":"An institutional experience with second- and third-stage palliative procedures for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: the impact of the bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt","volume":"29","author":"Forbess","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199609000-00015","article-title":"Staged reconstruction for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"224","author":"Bove","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.9.1269","article-title":"Improved surgical outcome after fetal diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"103","author":"Tworetzky","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib26","first-page":"II167","article-title":"Early survival of infants weighing 2.5 kilograms or less undergoing first-stage reconstruction for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Weinstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(96)00295-0","article-title":"Transplantation as a primary treatment for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: intermediate-term results","volume":"62","author":"Razzouk","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70352-3","article-title":"Improving results with first-stage palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"107","author":"Iannettoni","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70389-2","article-title":"Anatomic subtype and survival after reconstructive operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"107","author":"Jonas","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(97)70229-0","article-title":"Effect of volume unloading surgery on coronary flow dynamics in patients with aortic atresia","volume":"113","author":"Fogel","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(98)70448-9","article-title":"Resting coronary flow and coronary flow reserve in human infants after repair or palliation of congenital heart defects as measured by positron emission tomography","volume":"115","author":"Donnelly","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.108952","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcome of patients after the Fontan operation: a comparison between children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and other functional single ventricle lesions","volume":"137","author":"Goldberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1067\/mtc.2003.183_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)01041-2","article-title":"Causes of death after the modified Norwood procedure: a study of 122 postmortem cases","volume":"64","author":"Bartram","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022522303501131?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022522303501131?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,21]],"date-time":"2020-03-21T00:27:24Z","timestamp":1584750444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022522303501131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022522303501131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mtc.2003.183","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}}}