{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:21:57Z","timestamp":1777620117696,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]],"date-time":"2007-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Plan A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper we propose a new index of connectedness for an input\u2013output system which is considered useful for quantifying economic complexity as the level of interdependence between the component parts (sectors) of a national (or regional) economy. This index is empirically applied in a tentative answer to the following questions: Should we expect to find a natural shift towards greater complexity as an economy grows and develops? Is a larger economy necessarily more complex than a smaller one? The interindustry tables of several OECD countries provide the material support for making international and historical comparisons of economic complexity as a level of interrelatedness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1068\/a38214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,14]],"date-time":"2007-06-14T00:35:58Z","timestamp":1181781358000},"page":"1770-1782","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Complexity as Interdependence in Input\u2013Output Systems"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Ferreira","family":"do Amaral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de Economica e Gest\u00e3o, Technical University of Lisbon, 20 Rua Miguel Lupi, 1249-078 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de Economica e Gest\u00e3o, Technical University of Lisbon, 20 Rua Miguel Lupi, 1249-078 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Carlos","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior de Economica e Gest\u00e3o, Technical University of Lisbon, 20 Rua Miguel Lupi, 1249-078 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-a38214","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Perspectives on Complexity in Economics","author":"Amaral J F","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr2-a38214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.107"},{"key":"bibr3-a38214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/a280709"},{"key":"bibr4-a38214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2296761"},{"key":"bibr5-a38214","first-page":"653","volume-title":"Energy and Ecological Modelling","author":"Bosserman R W","year":"1981"},{"key":"bibr6-a38214","first-page":"37","volume":"4","author":"Bosserman R W","year":"1982","journal-title":"International Society for Ecological Modelling 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