{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T19:40:14Z","timestamp":1770493214856,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1583,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Humidity-sensitive genic male sterility (HGMS) is a novel type of environment-sensitive male sterility (EGMS) which plants are male sterile at low humidity and male fertile at high humidity. Previous studies have revealed that OsCER1 contributes to very-long-chain (VLC) alkanes biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, applying the CRISPR\/Cas9 technique, we obtained two independent OsCER1 knockout lines (OsCER1Cas). Both OsCER1Cas lines exhibited HGMS. Mutant pollen showed defects in adhesion and germination on stigmas at low humidity, whereas high humidity enhanced the pollen germination rate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of mutant pollen revealed abnormal tryphine structure, potentially representing the basis of HGMS. Furthermore, co-pollination with mixed OsCER1Cas mutant and maize (Zea mays L.) pollen could rescue the fertility of the mutant, thereby establishing the key role of tryphine in germination on stigmas. OsCER1 knockout might affect VLC alkane metabolism and therefore alter the lipid composition of tryphine. It could lead to the defects in pollen grain adhesion, hydration and germination, resulting in HGMS. This work identified the mechanism of HGMS induced by VLC alkanes in rice and the generality of tryphine in different species of Gramineae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/fp20168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,24]],"date-time":"2021-01-24T22:13:41Z","timestamp":1611526421000},"page":"461-468","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["OsCER1 regulates humidity-sensitive genic male sterility through very-long-chain (VLC) alkane metabolism of tryphine in rice"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Erdong","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."},{"name":"CTea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiqiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianwen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenlan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuxiong","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3035-7038","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."},{"name":"BGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China."},{"name":"DCorresponding author. Email: haizhou@scau.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102208263715800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.2307\/3870155","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the CER1 gene of Arabidopsis involved in epicuticular wax biosynthesis and pollen fertility.","volume":"7","author":"Aarts","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16288","article-title":"HMS1 interacts with HMS1I to regulate very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis and the humidity-sensitive genic male sterility in rice (Oryza sativa).","volume":"225","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121374109","article-title":"A long noncoding RNA regulates photoperiod-sensitive male sterility, an essential component of hybrid rice.","volume":"109","author":"Ding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1992.tb02941.x","article-title":"Pollination in species with dry stigmas: the nature of the early stigmatic response and the pathway taken by pollen tubes.","volume":"121","author":"Elleman","year":"1992","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15144","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1619159114","article-title":"PMS1T, producing phased small-interfering RNAs, regulates photoperiod-sensitive male sterility in rice.","volume":"113","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2008.02457.x","article-title":"Diverse cell signalling pathways regulate pollen-stigma interactions: the search for consensus.","volume":"179","author":"Hiscock","year":"2008","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7827(02)00045-0","article-title":"Biosynthesis and secretion of plant cuticular wax.","volume":"42","author":"Kunst","year":"2003","journal-title":"Progress in Lipid Research"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2009.09.009","article-title":"Plant cuticles shine: advances in wax biosynthesis and export.","volume":"12","author":"Kunst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Plant Biology"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.109.070326","article-title":"Cytochrome p450 family member cyp704b2 catalyzes the \u03c9-hydroxylation of fatty acids and is required for anther cutin biosynthesis and pollen exine formation in rice.","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01217","article-title":"OsCER1 plays a pivotal role in very-long-chain alkane biosynthesis and affects plastid development and programmed cell death of tapetum in rice (Oryza sativa L.).","volume":"9","author":"Ni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.7.6.974","article-title":"A conditional sterile mutation eliminates surface components from Arabidopsis pollen and disrupts cell signaling during fertilization.","volume":"7","author":"Preuss","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genes & Development"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcu042","article-title":"New views of tapetum ultrastructure and pollen exine development in Arabidopsis thaliana.","volume":"114","author":"Quilichini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of Botany"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)00513-6","article-title":"Cuticular waxes on eceriferum mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana.","volume":"57","author":"Rashotte","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2015.07.010","article-title":"Genetic and biochemical mechanisms of pollen wall development.","volume":"20","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends in Plant Science"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1183700","article-title":"Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world.","volume":"327","author":"Tester","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/33929","article-title":"Lipids are required for directional pollen-tube growth.","volume":"392","author":"Wolters-Arts","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-019-9531-7","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of hybrid sterility in rice.","volume":"62","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science China. Life Sciences"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03048-8","article-title":"Deficiency of a triterpene pathway results in humidity-sensitive genic male sterility in rice.","volume":"9","author":"Xue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12327","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1705189114","article-title":"Two rice receptor-like kinases maintain male fertility under changing temperatures.","volume":"114","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2018.05.002","article-title":"Anther endothecium-derived very-long-chain fatty acids facilitate pollen hydration in Arabidopsis.","volume":"11","author":"Zhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecular Plant"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1213041110","article-title":"Mutation in CSA creates a new photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile line applicable for hybrid rice seed production.","volume":"110","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2012.28","article-title":"Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in rice are caused by a point mutation in a novel noncoding RNA that produces a small RNA.","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Research"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5884","article-title":"RNase ZS1 processes UbL40 mRNAs and controls thermosensitive genic male sterility in rice.","volume":"5","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"2025102208263715800_R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37395","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37395","article-title":"Development of commercial thermo-sensitive genic male sterile rice accelerates hybrid rice breeding using the CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated TMS5 editing system.","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"}],"container-title":["Functional Plant Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/fp\/article-pdf\/48\/5\/461\/350923\/fp20168.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/fp\/article-pdf\/48\/5\/461\/350923\/fp20168.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T12:26:45Z","timestamp":1761136005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/fp\/article\/48\/5\/461\/55379\/OsCER1-regulates-humidity-sensitive-genic-male"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/fp20168","relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-4408","1445-4416"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-4408","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-4416","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]}}}