{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T18:51:08Z","timestamp":1785610268852,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1766,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intentional self-poisoning or self-harm through poisoning, is a common cause of presentations to emergency departments (EDs). National datasets do not allow identification of the substances most commonly used in hospital-treated intentional self-poisoning in New Zealand, nor do they capture sources of these substances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the specific substances used in intentional self-poisoning and the sources from which they are obtained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, information about the demographics and presentation particulars of intentional self-poisoning patients aged \u226516 years, presenting to three public EDs, as well as the substances they used in the self-poisoning event and the sources of these agents, were collected prospectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 102 patients were recruited from the potentially eligible 1137 intentional self-poisoning patients presenting to the three EDs during the study period. Seventy per cent used their own prescription medications and 24% used medicines they purchased themselves. Paracetamol and ethanol were most commonly encountered substances. Patients presented a median of 1.9\u2009h after exposure (interquartile range 1.0\u20133.3\u2009h), 62% self-referred, 60% presented to the ED in the evening or at night and 66% were triaged into Australasian Triage Scale 3 (to be seen within 30\u2009min). Two-thirds were referred to emergency psychiatric services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collecting specific substance information, such as from this study, can assist in planning specific activities to prevent intentional self-poisoning. As most people used their prescribed medicines, the findings can inform and assist doctors in their prescribing practices when they manage patients at risk of self-poisoning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/hc20017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T22:17:41Z","timestamp":1595283461000},"page":"235-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prescribers aware: a cross-sectional study from New Zealand emergency departments on the substances used in intentional self-poisoning and their sources"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Eeva-Katri","family":"Kumpula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ASchool of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"ECorresponding author. 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