{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T05:07:48Z","timestamp":1784696868057,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5052,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We undertook a study of enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica enterica subtypes Typhi and Paratyphi A, presenting in residents of the Western Sydney Local Health District for the period January\u2013June 2011. Twelve cases of S. Typhi and eight of S. Paratyphi A were notified. Patients were predominantly young adults (median age 26 years, 70% female) who had been visiting friends and relatives in India, Samoa, Bangladesh or Sri Lanka. No cases were associated with travel for less than 3 weeks; 17 (85%) required hospitalisation. None received pre-travel vaccination; reasons cited for this included pregnancy, expense, being too busy, or considering the disease too mild to warrant vaccination. Three S. Typhi isolates acquired at large social gatherings in Samoa had the same serotype and susceptibility profiles; these results were communicated to Samoan public health personnel. There are opportunities to strengthen enteric fever prevention, including pre-travel health advice and S. Typhi vaccination for people visiting endemic areas for 3 or more weeks, especially those in the vulnerable \u2018visiting friends and relative\u2019 category.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/nb11041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,28]],"date-time":"2012-09-28T12:36:14Z","timestamp":1348835774000},"page":"148-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW, January\u2013June 2011"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Blackstock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ABlacktown Hospital, Blacktown"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicky K.","family":"Sheppeard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCentre for Population Health, Western Sydney and Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health Districts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jen M.","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCentre for Population Health, Western Sydney and Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health Districts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna P.","family":"Ralph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ABlacktown Hospital, Blacktown"},{"name":"CSydney Emerging Infections and Biosecurity Institute, The University of Sydney"},{"name":"DCorresponding author. Email: anna.ralph@sydney.edu.au"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072200542633800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70239-5","article-title":"Typhoid and paratyphoid in travellers.","volume":"5","author":"Connor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R2","first-page":"346","article-title":"The global burden of typhoid fever.","volume":"82","author":"Crump","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R3","first-page":"253","article-title":"The burden of Enteric fever.","volume":"2","author":"Kothari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Developing Ctries"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R4","unstructured":"NSW Health. Typhoid Control Guideline, September 2004. Available at: http:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/factsheets\/guideline\/typhoid.html (Cited 12 August 2011)."},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R5"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R6","unstructured":"Population Health and Strategic Direction. The Social Health Atlas. Sydney: Sydney West Area Health Service. Available at: http:\/\/westnet\/services\/dsdph_we\/Epi\/Publicat\/Atlas3\/index.htm (Cited 16 September 2011)."},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.2008.32.34","article-title":"Notifications of enteric diseases in returning travellers who visit friends and relatives overseas: a call for action.","volume":"32","author":"Slinko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R8","unstructured":"ABC News. Fiji bans public gatherings after typhoid outbreak (Internet). 12 May 2011. Available at: http:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2011-05-12\/fiji-bans-public-gatherings-after-typhoid-outbreak\/2709844 (Cited 15 September 2011)."},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-1-200501040-00013","article-title":"Health disparities among travellers visiting friends and relatives abroad.","volume":"142","author":"Angell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R10","unstructured":"MIMS online, via Clinical Information Access Portal. Available at: www.ciap.health.nsw.gov.au (Cited 22 June 2011)."},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R11"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.2000.24.37","article-title":"Typhoid and paratyphoid fever in south-eastern Sydney, 1992\u20131997.","volume":"24","author":"Kidenya","year":"2000","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.03.010","article-title":"Typhoid fever in children: some epidemiological considerations from Karachi, Pakistan.","volume":"10","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199308000-00001","article-title":"Salmonella typhi infection in children younger than five years of age.","volume":"12","author":"Mahle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R15"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1258\/om.2009.090020","article-title":"Typhoid fever during pregnancy: case report and review.","volume":"2","author":"Touchan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Med"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2009.11.009","article-title":"Enteric fever in a UK regional infectious diseases unit: a 10 year retrospective review.","volume":"60","author":"Clark","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2026072200542633800_R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0007","article-title":"Imported enteric fever: case series from the hospital of tropical diseases, London, UK.","volume":"82","author":"Patel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"}],"container-title":["New South Wales Public Health Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/pu\/article-pdf\/23\/8\/148\/1947380\/nb11041.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/pu\/article-pdf\/23\/8\/148\/1947380\/nb11041.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T04:54:33Z","timestamp":1784696073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/pu\/article\/23\/8\/148\/275299\/Typhoid-and-paratyphoid-fever-in-Western-Sydney"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/nb11041","relation":{},"ISSN":["1034-7674","1444-8262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1034-7674","type":"print"},{"value":"1444-8262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]]}}}