{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:01:20Z","timestamp":1790226080700,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3142,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mercury is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and mercury contamination and toxicity are serious hazards to human health. Some studies have shown that mercury impairs male reproductive function, but less is known about its effects following exposure at low doses and the possible mechanisms underlying its toxicity. Herein we show that exposure of rats to mercury chloride for 30 days (first dose 4.6 \u00b5g kg\u20131, subsequent doses 0.07 \u00b5g kg\u20131 day\u20131) resulted in mean (\u00b1 s.e.m.) blood mercury concentrations of 6.8 \u00b1 0.3 ng mL\u20131, similar to that found in human blood after occupational exposure or released from removal of amalgam fillings. Even at these low concentrations, mercury was deposited in reproductive organs (testis, epididymis and prostate), impaired sperm membrane integrity, reduced the number of mature spermatozoa and, in the testes, promoted disorganisation, empty spaces and loss of germinal epithelium. Mercury increased levels of reactive oxygen species and the expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 1 and GPx4. These results suggest that the toxic effects of mercury on the male reproductive system are due to its accumulation in reproductive organs and that the glutathione system is its potential target. The data also suggest, for the first time, a possible role of the selenoproteins GPx1 and GPx4 in the reproductive toxicity of mercury chloride.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/rd16310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]],"date-time":"2016-10-18T18:27:40Z","timestamp":1476815260000},"page":"1803-1812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Reproductive dysfunction after mercury exposure at low levels: evidence for a role of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 1 and GPx4 in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Caroline S.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"APostgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 \u2013 Km 592 \u2013118, 97500-970 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck M.","family":"Pe\u00e7anha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APostgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 \u2013 Km 592 \u2013118, 97500-970 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela S.","family":"Brum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APostgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 \u2013 Km 592 \u2013118, 97500-970 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francielli W.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APostgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 \u2013 Km 592 \u2013118, 97500-970 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeferson L.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APostgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 \u2013 Km 592 \u2013118, 97500-970 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula P.","family":"Zemolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APostgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 \u2013 Km 592 \u2013118, 97500-970 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janete A.","family":"Anselmo-Franci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Av. do Caf\u00e9 s\/n, 14040904, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando B.","family":"Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDepartment of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Av. do Caf\u00e9 s\/n, 14049-903, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda J.","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DDepartment of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. 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