{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T01:48:56Z","timestamp":1792547336671,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1825,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Studies have observed that restraint stress (RS) and the associated elevation in corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) impair oocyte competence by triggering apoptosis of ovarian cells but the underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. Although one study demonstrated that RS and CRH elevation triggered apoptosis in ovarian cells and oocytes via activating Fas\/FasL signalling, other studies suggested that RS might damage cells by activating other pathways as well as Fas signalling. The objective of this study was to test whether RS and CRH elevation impairs oocytes by activating tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) signalling. Our in vivo experiments showed that RS applied during oocyte prematuration significantly increased expression of TNF-\u03b1 and its receptor (TNFR1) while inducing apoptosis in both oocytes and mural granulosa cells (MGCs). In vitro treatment of MGCs with CRH significantly increased their apoptotic percentages and levels of TNF-\u03b1 and TNFR1 expression. In vitro knockdown by interfering RNA, in vivo knockout of the TNF-\u03b1 gene or injection of TNF-\u03b1 antagonist etanercept significantly relieved the adverse effects of RS and CRH on apoptosis of MGCs and\/or the developmental potential and apoptosis of oocytes. The results suggest that RS and CRH elevation in females impair oocyte competence through activating TNF-\u03b1 signalling and that a TNF-\u03b1 antagonist might be adopted to ameliorate the adverse effects of psychological stress on oocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/rd20002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T20:16:35Z","timestamp":1590610595000},"page":"862-872","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Restraint stress and elevation of corticotrophin-releasing hormone in female mice impair oocyte competence through activation of the tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF- \u03b1) system"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Xin-Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an City 271018, P. R. 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