{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:03:45Z","timestamp":1791389025389,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1272,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The timing of early cumulus cell removal (ECCR) can be changed within a range. The change has an effect on the multiple pronuclei (MPN) rate and the exposure time of oocytes to sperm waste products. The timing of ECCR effects the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology, however, it is still unclear what time is best for ECCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To find the best time for ECCR based on clinical outcomes in order to increase the success rate of assisted reproductive technology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study was performed. Cycles were categorised into six groups according to the timing of ECCR. The clinical outcomes of these six groups were compared by Kruskal\u2013Wallis test and Pearson X2 test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The timing of ECCR had a significant effect on the MPN rate, 0PN without cleavage rate and grade 1\u20132 embryo rate at Day\u00a03. Among our six time groups of ECCR, the cumulus cell removal \u22644\u00a0h post-insemination group had the highest MPN rate and grade 1\u20132 embryo rate at Day\u00a03, and the 5.5\u00a0h\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0time\u00a0\u22646\u00a0h group had the highest pronuclear formation failure rate. In addition, 2PN rate was not significantly different among the six time groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Within the time range of ECCR in our study, selecting an earlier timing to remove the cumulus cells may have a better outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ECCR is helpful for optimisation of the short-term insemination strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/rd21259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T21:34:06Z","timestamp":1638394446000},"page":"881-885","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Timing considerations for removal of early cumulus cells in short-term insemination strategies"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2540-2957","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiren","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, People\u2019s Republic of China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qicai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, People\u2019s Republic of China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingting","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BInstitute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People\u2019s Republic of China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, People\u2019s Republic of China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, People\u2019s Republic of China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, People\u2019s Republic of 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