{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:45:12Z","timestamp":1782841512201,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Estrogen deficiency after menopause is linked to increased oxidative stress and cognitive impairment. Medicago sativa is known for its antioxidant properties, suggesting potential benefits in mitigating these effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Medicago sativa on behavior and oxidative stress parameters in the cerebrum and cerebellum of ovariectomized mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Female Swiss mice were divided into two sham-operated groups: the negative control mice (C) and Medicago sativa treated mice (MS), and three ovariectomized groups: ovariectomized mice (OVX) and ovariectomized mice treated either with 17\u03b2-estradiol (OVX-E) or with Medicago sativa (OVX-MS). Open field and radial eight-arm maze (RAM) tests were conducted to evaluate a general locomotor activity and memory of mice. Biochemical analyses were performed to measure oxidative stress markers and acetylcholinesterase activity in cerebrum and cerebellum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the OVX group, we observed a decrease in locomotor performance during the open field test and a progressive deterioration in spatial memory during the RAM test. An increase in lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl and advanced oxidation protein product levels as well as a marked inhibition in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in cerebrum and cerebellum indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress after ovariectomy. Elevated acetylcholinesterase activity and histopathological changes in cerebrum and cerebellum were also observed in these mice. However, co-treatment of OVX mice with Medicago sativa resulted in an appreciable improvement of these parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medicago sativa demonstrated protective effects against oxidative stress and cognitive deficits induced by estrogen deficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that Medicago sativa may serve as a promising therapeutic option for alleviating postmenopausal complications associated with estradiol deficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/rd25113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T07:26:40Z","timestamp":1765870000000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Medicago sativa alleviates behavioral impairments and oxidative stress in the cerebrum and cerebellum of ovariectomized mice"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1331-4387","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fatma","family":"Ghorbel Koubaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ATheories of Biological Mathematics of Gibberley Representations, Linear Operators and their Applications to Environmental Physiopathology. 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