{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:37:36Z","timestamp":1761709056290,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11438,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Comparisons were made among techniques used to treat male factor infertility. Patients with semen quality below that recognized by World Health Organization criteria as normal had a better success rate when treated by gamete intrafallopian transfer than by in vitro fertilization (25% v. 7% pregnancy rate per patient). When &amp;lt; 2 x 10(6) motile sperm were recovered, the fertilization rate and embryo cleavage rate were higher for microdrop insemination than for conventional insemination. When 7000-370,000 motile sperm were recovered, microdrop insemination resulted in a higher fertilization rate (46%) and a higher incidence of pregnancies (23% of patients treated) than subzonal sperm microinjection (SUSM). However, for patients with 5000-50,000 motile sperm, the immediate transfer of SUSM oocytes to the Fallopian tube increased pregnancy rates for this technique to 24% of patients treated. Direct microinjection of epididymal sperm from azoospermic men into the cytoplasm of oocytes resulted in pronuclear formation in 27% of oocytes; in comparison, pronuclear formation occurred in 5% of SUSM oocytes. These data led to formulation of a logical treatment programme for male factor infertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/rd9940037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,18]],"date-time":"2005-10-18T21:24:17Z","timestamp":1129670657000},"page":"37-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The choice of the most appropriate microfertilization technique for human male factor infertility"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"AO","family":"Trounson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"67","container-title":["Reproduction, Fertility and Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/rd\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/37\/300479\/rd9940037.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/rd\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/37\/300479\/rd9940037.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T22:28:45Z","timestamp":1761690525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/rd\/article\/6\/1\/37\/48332\/The-choice-of-the-most-appropriate"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,2,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/rd9940037","relation":{},"ISSN":["1031-3613","1448-5990"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1031-3613"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1448-5990"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,2,1]]}}}