{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T08:17:46Z","timestamp":1791101866539,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7219,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacterial vaginosis (BV) causes obstetric and gynaecological complications and non-chlamydial\/non-gonococcal pelvic inflammatory disease and has been shown to be associated with the risk of acquiring HIV and herpes simplex (HSV)-2 infections. This study investigated both the prevalence of BV and its association with STDs among 582 female sex workers living in Chennai, South India. Blood, vaginal and endocervical swabs were tested for HSV-2, HIV, Treponema pallidum, BV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea and Trichomonas vaginalis. The vaginal swabs collected were Gram\u2019s stained and analysed for BV by Nugent\u2019s scoring criteria. Of the women studied, 45% (95% CI, 40.6\u201348.7) were positive, 39.5% (95% CI, 35.5\u201343.5) were negative and 16% (95% CI, 12.8\u201318.7) were intermediate for BV. Bacterial vaginosis positivity was directly related to concurrent infection with HSV-2 (RR 1.3, AR 12, P = 0.00), T. vaginalis (RR 1.5, AR 10, P = 0.01) T. pallidum (RR 2.8, AR 16, P = 0.00) and HIV (RR 4.1, AR 52, P = 0.01). Future studies are needed to focus on the risk factors for BV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh05025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,15]],"date-time":"2005-11-15T22:39:17Z","timestamp":1132094357000},"page":"261-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Bacterial vaginosis in female sex workers in Chennai, India"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Shanmugasundaram","family":"Uma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pachamuthu","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."},{"name":"ECorresponding author. Email: bala@yrgcare.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailapuri G.","family":"Murugavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aylur K.","family":"Srikrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagalingeswaran","family":"Kumarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jebaraj A.","family":"Cecelia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santhanam","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth H.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDepartment of Medicine, Brown University\/Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Celentano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDepartment of Epidemiology, John\u2019s Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadras P.","family":"Thyagarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DDepartment of Microbiology, Dr.A.L.M. PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suniti","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYRG Center for AIDS Research and Education, VHS, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102616463139500_R1"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R2"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R3"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R4"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R5"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R6"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R7"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R8"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R9"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R10"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R11"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R12"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R13"},{"key":"2025102616463139500_R14"}],"container-title":["Sexual Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/2\/4\/261\/1078310\/sh05025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/2\/4\/261\/1078310\/sh05025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T20:46:40Z","timestamp":1761511600000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article\/2\/4\/261\/134464\/Bacterial-vaginosis-in-female-sex-workers-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/sh05025","relation":{},"ISSN":["1448-5028","1449-8987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1448-5028","type":"print"},{"value":"1449-8987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]]}}}