{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:04:05Z","timestamp":1761512645109,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5126,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are important sexually transmissible pathogens. The aim of the present study was to determine their prevalence in symptomatic and asymptomatic people. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and standard methods were tested for 413 specimens. Results: The registered prevalence with PCR was N. gonorrhoeae 2.66% and C. trachomatis 0.73%. One man showed co-infection. Standard methods demonstrated lower sensitivity in finding N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis in comparison with the PCR. Conclusions: This is the first simultaneous study in Bulgaria for detection of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis by PCR and standard methods. N. gonorrhoeae was found to be a more frequent infection. Further investigations are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh11056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,9]],"date-time":"2011-11-09T23:14:18Z","timestamp":1320880458000},"page":"442-444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The first simultaneous study of the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections by polymerase chain reaction and standard methods"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Vessela V.","family":"Ouzounova-Raykova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, \u2018Zdrave\u20192 Street 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria."},{"name":"CCorresponding author. Email: pumpi@abv.bg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El Tibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDepartment of Urology, Alexander University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, \u2018Zdrave\u20192 Street 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan G.","family":"Mitov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, \u2018Zdrave\u20192 Street 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102617015986300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2002.tb00575.x","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody of IgG isotype against a cross-reactive lipopolysaccharide epitope of Chlamydia and Salmonella Re chemotype enhances infectivity in L-929 fibroblast cells.","volume":"33","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R2","first-page":"453","article-title":"Rapid one step detection of pathogenic bacteria in urine with sexually transmitted disease (STD) and prostatitis patient by multiplex PCR assay (mPCR).","volume":"45","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Microbiol"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.2144\/99262bm04","article-title":"Paraffin removal from tissue sections for digestion and PCR analysis.","volume":"26","author":"Fredricks","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01204.x","article-title":"Screening of Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital infections among the male and female population of the Republic of Macedonia.","volume":"19","author":"Spasovski","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340802056095","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis infection in patients attending an Early Pregnancy Unit: prevalence, symptoms, pregnancy location and viability.","volume":"87","author":"Kirk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610500363899","article-title":"Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and bacterial vaginosis in women presenting to the early pregnancy unit.","volume":"26","author":"Shankar","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/19396360802042838","article-title":"Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis and Chlamydia trachomatis among Danish patients requesting abortion.","volume":"54","author":"Baczynska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Syst Biol Reprod Med"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000135992.98883.e4","article-title":"Comparison of first void urine and urogenital swab specimens for detection of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction in patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic.","volume":"31","author":"Jensen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2025102617015986300_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-6-42","article-title":"Population prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Netherlands. 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