{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T15:47:47Z","timestamp":1782920867474,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4342,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In HIV-positive people, sexually transmissible infections (STIs) probably increase the infectiousness of HIV. Methods: In 2010, we established a cohort of individuals (n = 554) from clinics in the Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD). We calculated retrospective rates for four STIs for 2005\u201310 and prospective incidence rates for 2010\u201311. Results: At baseline (2010), patient characteristics were similar to the rest of AHOD. Overall incidence was 12.5 per 100 person-years. Chlamydial infections increased from 3.4 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9\u20135.7) in 2005 to 6.7 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 4.5\u20139.5) in 2011, peaking in 2010 (8.1 per 100 person-years; 95% CI: 5.6\u201311.2). Cases were distributed among rectal (61.9%), urethral (34%) and pharyngeal (6.3%) sites. Gonococcal infections increased, peaking in 2010 (4.7 per 100 person-years; 95% CI: 5.6\u201311.2; Ptrend = 0.0099), distributed among rectal (63.9%), urethral (27.9%) and pharyngeal (14.8%) sites. Syphilis showed several peaks, the largest in 2008 (5.3 per 100 person-years; 95% CI: 3.3\u20138.0); the overall trend was not significant (P = 0.113). Genital warts declined from 7.5 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 4.8\u201311.3) in 2005 to 2.4 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 1.1\u20134.5) in 2011 (Ptrend = 0.0016). Conclusions: For chlamydial and gonococcal infections, incidence was higher than previous Australian estimates among HIV-infected men who have sex with men, increasing during 2005\u20132011. Rectal infections outnumbered infections at other sites. Syphilis incidence remained high but did not increase; that of genital warts was lower and decreased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh13074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,10]],"date-time":"2014-08-10T20:20:53Z","timestamp":1407702053000},"page":"291-297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High rates of sexually transmissible infections in HIV-positive patients in the Australian HIV Observational Database: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Brian P.","family":"Mulhall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AThe Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, Wallace Wurth Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia."},{"name":"BUniversity of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia."},{"name":"OCorresponding author. Email: brianm@health.usyd.edu.au"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AThe Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, Wallace Wurth Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHolden Street Sexual Health Clinic, PO Box 361, Gosford, NSW 2250, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BUniversity of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia."},{"name":"DIllawarra Sexual Health Services, PO Box 21, Warrawong, NSW 2502, Australia."},{"name":"EUniversity of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Dickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FCaradata, PO Box 579, Arundel DC, Qld 4214, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Grotowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GClinic 468, Tamworth Sexual Health, Hunter New England Area Health Service, NSW 2340, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HNepean\/Blue Mountains Sexual Health, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood NSW 2747, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Petoumenos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AThe Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, Wallace Wurth Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AThe Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, Wallace Wurth Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia."},{"name":"ISydney Sexual Health Centre, PO Box 1614, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JMelbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Vic. 3181, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KCairns Sexual Health Service, PO Box 902, Cairns, Qld 4214, Australia."},{"name":"LMelbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, 580 Swanston St, Carlton, Vic 3053, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MLismore Sexual Health Services, 4 Shepherd Lane, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Templeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AThe Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, Wallace Wurth Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia."},{"name":"NRPA Sexual Health, 16 Marsden Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K.","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JMelbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Vic. 3181, Australia."},{"name":"LMelbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, 580 Swanston St, Carlton, Vic 3053, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AThe Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, Wallace Wurth Building, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070101531984300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199219020-00001","article-title":"Epidemiological synergy: interrelationships between HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.","volume":"19","author":"Wasserheit","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2026070101531984300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200110000-00005","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiological interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. 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