{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:40:27Z","timestamp":1789821627784,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2635,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of inhaled nitrites, or poppers, among men who have sex with men (MSM) is prevalent, yet has been associated with HIV seroconversion. We surveyed 580 MSM from a geosocial networking smartphone application in Paris, France, in 2016. Of the respondents, 46.7% reported popper use within the previous 3 months. Regression models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics found that the use of poppers was significantly (P &amp;lt; 0.05) associated with the following during the prior 3 months: condomless anal intercourse (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07\u20131.50), use of alcohol and\/or drugs during sex once or twice (adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) 2.33, 95% CI 1.44\u20132.03), three to five times (aRRR 5.41, 95% CI 2.98\u20139.84) or six or more times (aRRR 4.09, 95% CI 2.22\u20137.56), participation in group sex (aRRR 3.70, 95% CI 2.33\u20135.90) and self-reported diagnosis with any sexually transmissible infection over the previous year (aRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.18\u20132.27), specifically chlamydia (aRR 2.75, 95% CI 1.29\u20134.29) and syphilis (aRR 2.27, 95% CI 1.29\u20134.29).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh17217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T02:59:23Z","timestamp":1527821963000},"page":"370-373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Use of poppers and HIV risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Paris, France: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"H. Rhodes","family":"Hambrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ASpatial Epidemiology Lab, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, 6th Floor, Room 621, New York, NY 10016, USA."},{"name":"DCorresponding author. Email: rhodeshambrick@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASpatial Epidemiology Lab, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, 6th Floor, Room 621, New York, NY 10016, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Palamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASpatial Epidemiology Lab, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, 6th Floor, Room 621, New York, NY 10016, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Estreet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDepartment of Social Work, Morgan State University School of Social Work, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Jenkins Behavioral Science Building, Room 343, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDepartments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago School of Medicine, and Chicago Center for HIV Elimination, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 5065 Room L-330, Chicago, IL 60637, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dustin T.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASpatial Epidemiology Lab, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, 6th Floor, Room 621, New York, NY 10016, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102615561483700_R1"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R2","unstructured":"Sant\u00e9 publique France. Infection par le VIH et les IST bact\u00e9riennes. Point \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique du 29 novembre 2016. France: French Institute for Public Health Surveillance; 2016. Available online at: http:\/\/invs.santepubliquefrance.fr\/Dossiers-thematiques\/Maladies-infectieuses\/VIH-sida-IST\/Infection-a-VIH-et-sida\/Actualites\/Infection- par-le-VIH-et-les-IST-bacteriennes.-Point-epidemiologique-du-29-novembre-2016 [verified 23 Apr 2018]."},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"2025102615561483700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21103","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.19.7.21103","article-title":"PrEP in Europe \u2013 expectations, opportunities, and barriers.","volume":"19","author":"McCormack","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2012-131428","article-title":"Recreational drug use in men who have sex with men (MSM) attending UK sexual health services is significantly higher than in non-MSM.","volume":"90","author":"Hunter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000786","article-title":"Increasing use of \u2018party drugs\u2019 in people living with HIV on antiretrovirals: a concern for patient safety.","volume":"29","author":"Bracchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2016.09.007","article-title":"Illicit drug use among gay and bisexual men in 44 cities: findings from the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS).","volume":"38","author":"Schmidt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh135","article-title":"Substance use and sexual risk: a participant- and episode-level analysis among a cohort of men who have sex with men.","volume":"159","author":"Colfax","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(14)70001-3","article-title":"Recreational drug use, polydrug use, and sexual behavior in HIV-diagnosed men who have sex with men in the UK: results from the cross-sectional ASTRA study.","volume":"1","author":"Daskalopoulou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1984.tb03376.x","article-title":"Toxicity, immunosuppressive effects and carcinogenic potential of volatile nitrites: possible relationship to Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma.","volume":"4","author":"Newell","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3109\/08923979109019724","article-title":"Amyl nitrite alters human in vitro immune function.","volume":"13","author":"Dax","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R11","first-page":"1365","article-title":"Effect of the recreational agent isobutyl nitrite on human peripheral blood leukocytes and on in vitro interferon production.","volume":"43","author":"Hersh","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R12","first-page":"5","article-title":"The poppers\u2013HIV connection.","volume":"14","author":"Wilson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Focus"},{"key":"2025102615561483700_R13","unstructured":"PowerPoppers. 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