{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T14:39:59Z","timestamp":1782052799145,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2407,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In New Zealand, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) should target gay and bisexual men (GBM), and equity is an important principle. Baseline characteristics of GBM offered PrEP in a demonstration project with an enrolment quota of 50% non-Europeans are described. Methods: An open-label, single-arm treatment evaluation study design (\u2018NZPrEP\u2019) was used. The settings were four publicly funded sexual health clinics in Auckland in 2017. The study population was 150 GBM recruited from clinics, community sources and social media. Participants self-completed an online questionnaire about PrEP awareness, attitudes and sexual risk behaviour in the last 3 months. Baseline characteristics are described and examined to determine whether these were associated with PrEP initiation status (self-referral vs doctor\/nurse recommendation). Results: In total, 150 GBM of whom half (52%) were non-European, including 21.3% Maori, 19.3% Asian and 8.7% Pacific, were enrolled into the study. Two-thirds (65.3%) self-referred for PrEP and one-third (34.7%) were recommended PrEP by the doctor\/nurse. Participants reported a high number of male condomless receptive anal intercourse partners (MenAICLR) (median 3, range 0\u201350), with 10% reporting 10 or more MenAICLR and 45.3% reporting group sex. In the previous year, 65.3% had a sexually transmissible infection (STI); 18% had rectal chlamydia or gonorrhoea at enrolment. Almost half (47.7%) had recently used drugs with sex, including 8.1% who used methamphetamine. Participants recommended PrEP had lower education, lived less centrally and had a higher STI prevalence than PrEP self-referrers, but their risk behaviour was similar. Conclusions: Early PrEP adopters in New Zealand have high HIV risk. Demonstration projects should consider equity mechanisms so that minorities can participate meaningfully.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh18056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T20:15:36Z","timestamp":1538424936000},"page":"47-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Baseline characteristics of gay and bisexual men in a HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis demonstration project with equity quotas in Auckland, New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Peter J. W.","family":"Saxton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AGay Men\u2019s Sexual Health research group, Department of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand."},{"name":"ECorresponding author. Email: p.saxton@auckland.ac.nz"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Azariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAuckland Regional Sexual Health Service, Auckland District Health Board, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAuckland Regional Sexual Health Service, Auckland District Health Board, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose F.","family":"Forster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAuckland Regional Sexual Health Service, Auckland District Health Board, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne F.","family":"Werder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAuckland Regional Sexual Health Service, Auckland District Health Board, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAuckland Regional Sexual Health Service, Auckland District Health Board, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason M.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNew Zealand AIDS Foundation, PO Box 6663, Wellesley St, Auckland 1141, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph G.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNew Zealand AIDS Foundation, PO Box 6663, Wellesley St, Auckland 1141, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whatitiri P.","family":"Te Wake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNew Zealand AIDS Foundation, PO Box 6663, Wellesley St, Auckland 1141, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DBody Positive, PO Box 68-766, Wellesley St, Auckland 1141, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102419082815200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e361","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(16)30087-X","article-title":"Estimates of global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV, 1980\u20132015: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000432449.30239.fe","article-title":"The increase in global HIV epidemics in MSM.","volume":"27","author":"Beyrer","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011205","article-title":"Pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men.","volume":"363","author":"Grant","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00056-2","article-title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent the acquisition of HIV-1 infection (PROUD): effectiveness results from the pilot phase of a pragmatic open-label randomised trial.","volume":"387","author":"McCormack","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506273","article-title":"On-demand preexposure prophylaxis in men at high risk for HIV-1 infection.","volume":"373","author":"Molina","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R6","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guideline on when to start antiretroviral therapy and on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV No. WHO\/HIV\/2015.36. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015. Available online at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/guidelines\/earlyrelease-arv\/en\/ [verified 2 September 2018]."},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e012179","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012179","article-title":"Protocol for an open-label, single-arm trial of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among people at high risk of HIV infection: the NSW Demonstration Project PRELUDE.","volume":"6","author":"Vaccher","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.4683","article-title":"Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection integrated with municipal- and community-based sexual health services.","volume":"176","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001519","article-title":"Medication adherence, condom use and sexually transmitted infections in Australian PrEP users: interim results from the Victorian PrEP Demonstration Project.","volume":"31","author":"Lal","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102419082815200_R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21472","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.20.1.21472","article-title":"High pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and early adherence among men who have sex with men and transgender women at risk for HIV Infection: the PrEP Brasil demonstration project.","volume":"20","author":"Hoagland","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R11","first-page":"19","article-title":"Thirty years of condom-based HIV prevention among gay men in New Zealand.","volume":"128","author":"Hughes","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1071\/SH10087","article-title":"Increase in HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men in New Zealand from a stable low period.","volume":"8","author":"Saxton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R13"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R14","first-page":"8","article-title":"HIV prevention today: with coordinated action, we can end transmission.","volume":"128","author":"Saxton","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051160","article-title":"Location-based HIV behavioural surveillance among MSM in Auckland, New Zealand 2002\u20132011: condom use stable and more HIV testing.","volume":"90","author":"Saxton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R16","unstructured":"PHARMAC. Decision to fund HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Wellington, NZ: PHARMAC; 2018. Available online at: https:\/\/www.pharmac.govt.nz\/news\/notification-2018-02-07-prep\/ [verified 17 September 2018]."},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R17","unstructured":"National HIV Forum. Consensus statement on comprehensive HIV prevention in Aotearoa\/New Zealand. National HIV Forum; 2017. Available online at: https:\/\/hivconsensus.org.nz\/ [verified 2 September 2018]."},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R18","first-page":"164","article-title":"Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: clinical guidelines.","volume":"3","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Virus Erad"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R19"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-92","article-title":"Actual HIV prevalence and undiagnosed infections in a community sample of men who have sex with men in Auckland, New Zealand.","volume":"12","author":"Saxton","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R21","unstructured":"ASHM. Antiretroviral Guidelines. Available online at: http:\/\/arv.ashm.org.au\/arv-guidelines\/prep-resources-for-clinicians [verified 2 September 2018]."},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R22","unstructured":"Statistics New Zealand. Statistical Standard for Ethnicity 2005. Wellington, New Zealand; 2005. Available online at: http:\/\/archive.stats.govt.nz\/~\/media\/Statistics\/browse-categories\/population\/census-counts\/review-measurement-ethnicity\/statistical-standard-for-ethnicity-2005.pdf [verified 2 September 2018]."},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0185398","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185398","article-title":"Validation of participant eligibility for pre-exposure prophylaxis: Baseline data from the PRELUDE demonstration project.","volume":"12","author":"Vaccher","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"Suppl_2","key":"2025102419082815200_R24","first-page":"A20","article-title":"Changes in sexual risk behaviour among daily prep users after 6 months of use in the Amsterdam PrEP project.","volume":"93","author":"Van Laarhoven","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1071\/SH16072","article-title":"Adapting behavioural surveillance to antiretroviral-based HIV prevention: reviewing and anticipating trends in the Australian Gay Community Periodic Surveys.","volume":"14","author":"Holt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052774","article-title":"Willingness to use and have sex with men taking HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): results of online surveys of Australian gay and bisexual men, 2011\u20132015.","volume":"93","author":"Holt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2025102419082815200_R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001627","article-title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis for MSM and transgender persons in early adopting countries.","volume":"31","author":"Hoornenborg","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS"}],"container-title":["Sexual Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/16\/1\/47\/149444\/sh18056.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/16\/1\/47\/149444\/sh18056.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T23:08:35Z","timestamp":1761347315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article\/16\/1\/47\/21529\/Baseline-characteristics-of-gay-and-bisexual-men"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/sh18056","relation":{},"ISSN":["1448-5028","1449-8987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1448-5028","type":"print"},{"value":"1449-8987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]}}}