{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:07:21Z","timestamp":1791425241050,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2476,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>National guidelines for the provision of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce a person\u2019s risk of acquiring HIV were made available in 2014. We created a pharmacist-managed HIV PrEP clinic in a community pharmacy setting at Kelley-Ross Pharmacy in Seattle, WA, USA. Methods: The clinic operates under a collaborative drug therapy agreement based on these guidelines. This allows pharmacists to initiate and manage tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/emtricitabine under the supervision of a physician medical director. Results: Between March 2015 and February 2018, 714 patients were evaluated and 695 (97.3%) initiated PrEP. Five hundred and thirteen (74%) patients began medication the same day as their initial appointment. Of the prescriptions filled in our pharmacy, 90% of patients had a mean proportion of days covered (PDC) greater than 80%, and 98% had a zero-dollar patient responsibility per month, including uninsured individuals. 19% of patients were lost to follow up, with an effective drop-out rate of 25%. Two hundred and seven diagnoses of sexually transmissible infections were made. There were no HIV seroconversions in the service. Conclusion: The pharmacist-managed PrEP clinic proved to be a successful alternative model of PrEP care, with high initiation rates and low drop-out and lost-to-follow-up rates. This may benefit individuals who do not access PrEP in traditional health care settings or where PrEP access is scarce. Financial sustainability of the model was dependent on the ability of pharmacists in the clinic to bill insurance plans for their services in accordance with Washington State legislative changes requiring commercial insurances to recognise pharmacists as providers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh18084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,7]],"date-time":"2018-11-07T00:47:43Z","timestamp":1541551663000},"page":"556-561","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Implementation of a community pharmacy-based pre-exposure prophylaxis service: a novel model for pre-exposure prophylaxis care"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Elyse L.","family":"Tung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AKelley-Ross Pharmacy Group, 904 7th Avenue, Suite 103, Seattle, WA 98104, USA."},{"name":"BUniversity of Washington School of Pharmacy, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."},{"name":"ECorresponding author. Email: etung@kelley-ross.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AKelley-Ross Pharmacy Group, 904 7th Avenue, Suite 103, Seattle, WA 98104, USA."},{"name":"BUniversity of Washington School of Pharmacy, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson","family":"Eichner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AKelley-Ross Pharmacy Group, 904 7th Avenue, Suite 103, Seattle, WA 98104, USA."},{"name":"BUniversity of Washington School of Pharmacy, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Shalit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CPeter Shalit MD and Associates, 901 Boren Avenue, Suite 850, Seattle, WA 98104, USA."},{"name":"DUniversity of Washington School of Medicine, Box 356523, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102615564297800_R1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: US Public Health Service. Preexposure prophylaxis for prevention of HIV infection in the United States \u2013 2017 update: a clinical practice guideline. 2018. Available online at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/pdf\/risk\/prep\/cdc-hiv-prep-guidelines-2017.pdf [verified 23 October 2018]."},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011205","article-title":"Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men.","volume":"363","author":"Grant","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61127-7","article-title":"Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV infection in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand (the Bangkok Tenofovir Study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.","volume":"381","author":"Choopanya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1108524","article-title":"Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women.","volume":"367","author":"Baeten","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102615564297800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31828ece33","article-title":"Randomized trial of clinical safety of daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate among HIV-uninfected men who have sex with men in the United States.","volume":"64","author":"Grohskopf","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102615564297800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1110711","article-title":"Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis for heterosexual HIV transmission in Botswana.","volume":"367","author":"Thigpen","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102615564297800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202614","article-title":"Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection among African women.","volume":"367","author":"Van Damme","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R8"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R9","unstructured":"National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention Newsroom. HIV prevention pill not reaching most Americans who could benefit \u2013 especially people of color. [press release] (6 March 2018). Atlanta, GA, USA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2018. Available online at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchhstp\/newsroom\/2018\/croi-2018-PrEP-press-release.html [verified 17 March 2018]."},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R10","unstructured":"ModernMedicine Network. Drug Topic. NACDS 2010\u20132011 Chain Pharmacy Industry Profile Illustrates Pharmacy Value. UBM Medica, LLC; 2018. Available online at: http:\/\/drugtopics.modernmedicine.com\/drug-topics\/news\/modernmedicine\/modern-medicine-news\/nacds- 2010-2011-chain-pharmacy-industry-profile?page=full [verified 31 October 2017]."},{"issue":"16","key":"2025102615564297800_R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.399","article-title":"Impact of pharmacist care in the management of cardiovascular disease risk factors.","volume":"171","author":"Santschi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025102615564297800_R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028017721241","article-title":"Quality of pharmacist-managed anticoagulation therapy in long-term ambulatory settings: a systematic review.","volume":"51","author":"Manzoor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025102615564297800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2015.0017","article-title":"Evaluation of pharmacy-based HIV testing in a high-risk New York City community.","volume":"29","author":"Amesty","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025102615564297800_R14","first-page":"339","article-title":"Missed opportunities for HIV screening in pharmacies and retail clinics.","volume":"20","author":"Dugdale","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R15"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R16","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Advancing team-based care through collaborative practice agreements: a resource and implementation guide for adding pharmacists to the care team. Atlanta, GA, USA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2017. Available online at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/dhdsp\/pubs\/docs\/CPA-Team-Based-Care.pdf [verified 12 February 2018]."},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R17"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025102615564297800_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-012-9709-0","article-title":"Pharmacists as providers of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.","volume":"34","author":"Bruno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025102615564297800_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001579","article-title":"Evolving models and ongoing challenges for HIV preexposure prophylaxis implementation in the United States.","volume":"77","author":"Mayer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"No. RR-03","key":"2025102615564297800_R20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015.","volume":"64","author":"Workowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R21"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102615564297800_R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000216","article-title":"Study product adherence measurement in the iPrEx placebo-controlled trial: concordance with drug detection.","volume":"66","author":"Amico","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102615564297800_R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K671","article-title":"Contrasting measures of adherence with simple drug use, medication switching, and therapeutic duplication.","volume":"43","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R24","unstructured":"Washington State Department of Health. Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Drug Assistance Program (PrEP DAP). Olympia, WA, USA: Washington State Department of Health; 2018. Available online at: https:\/\/www.doh.wa.gov\/YouandYourFamily\/IllnessandDisease\/HIVAIDS\/HIVPrevention\/PrEPDAP [verified 16 March 2018]."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025102615564297800_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000823","article-title":"Patient disengagement from an HIV preexposure prophylaxis program in a sexually transmitted disease clinic.","volume":"45","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102615564297800_R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20903","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.19.1.20903","article-title":"Retention in care outcomes for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation programmes among men who have sex with men in three US cities.","volume":"19","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102615564297800_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000690","article-title":"Outcomes of preexposure prophylaxis referrals from public STI clinics and implications for preexposure prophylaxis continuum.","volume":"45","author":"Bhatia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2025102615564297800_R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-2009-x","article-title":"HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and retention among men who have sex with men in a community-based sexual health clinic.","volume":"22","author":"Hojilla","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"}],"container-title":["Sexual Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/15\/6\/556\/822282\/sh18084.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/15\/6\/556\/822282\/sh18084.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T19:56:50Z","timestamp":1761508610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article\/15\/6\/556\/104449\/Implementation-of-a-community-pharmacy-based-pre"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/sh18084","relation":{},"ISSN":["1448-5028","1449-8987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1448-5028","type":"print"},{"value":"1449-8987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,7]]}}}