{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:27:51Z","timestamp":1788542871176,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1993,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Piperacillin\/tazobactam is a commonly prescribed antimicrobial agent. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is increasingly being used in antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV. Herein we report a case of a 57-year-old male with AIDS receiving TAF-containing ART in whom severe refractory hypokalaemia developed after coadministration of piperacillin\/tazobactam for suspected hospital-acquired infection. Upon withdrawal of piperacillin\/tazobactam, serum potassium concentrations returned to normal within 2 days. Hypokalaemia is a rare adverse effect of piperacillin\/tazobactam and may be aggravated with the underlying use of TAF. We also reviewed past reported cases of hypokalaemia after piperacillin\/tazobactam administration. We want to highlight that a more cautious approach should be considered when combining piperacillin\/tazobactam and TAF in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh19069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T18:12:21Z","timestamp":1583172741000},"page":"194-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Severe acute hypokalaemia associated with piperacillin\/tazobactam in an HIV-infected patient under antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir alafenamide: case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Chun","family":"Tai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 11247, Taiwan."},{"name":"BSchool of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 11221, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruey-Yi","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 11247, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiun-Yu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDepartment of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 11247, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Pai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BSchool of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, 155 Linong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 11221, Taiwan."},{"name":"DDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201 Shih-Pai Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 11247, Taiwan."},{"name":"ECorresponding author. Email: chenhp1970tw@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102615481069600_R1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Medication-induced hypokalemia.","volume":"40","author":"Veltri","year":"2015","journal-title":"P&T"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.4021\/jmc799w","article-title":"A rare complication of antibiotic (piperacillin\/tazobactam) therapy: resistant hypokalemia.","volume":"3","author":"Kutluturk","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Cases"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.84986","article-title":"Piperacillin\u2013tazobactam-induced hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis.","volume":"43","author":"Zaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R4","first-page":"17.","article-title":"A case series of piperacillin\u2013tazobactam induced hypokalemia in a tertiary care hospital in South India.","volume":"14","author":"Kunder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Online J Health Allied Sci"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313X17741010","article-title":"Hypokalemia: a potentially life-threatening complication of tenofovir therapy.","volume":"5","author":"Koratala","year":"2017","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.127898","article-title":"Tenofovir induced Fanconi syndrome: a rare cause of hypokalemic paralysis.","volume":"24","author":"Venkatesan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3280b07b6c","article-title":"Causes and consequences of hypokalemia in patients on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.","volume":"21","author":"Shepp","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn117","article-title":"Severe hypokalaemia caused by flucloxacillin.","volume":"61","author":"Hoorn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.5.3.365","article-title":"Piperacillin\u2013tazobactam: a beta-lactam\/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination.","volume":"5","author":"Gin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4565182","article-title":"Torsade de Pointes induced by hypokalemia from imipenem and piperacillin.","volume":"2017","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep Cardiol"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.11.009","article-title":"Tenofovir alafenamide: a novel prodrug of tenofovir for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus.","volume":"125","author":"Ray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008046","article-title":"Tenofovir alafenamide nephrotoxicity in an HIV-positive patient: a case report.","volume":"96","author":"Novick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1244-3","article-title":"Piperacillin-induced magnesium and potassium loss in intensive care unit patients.","volume":"28","author":"Polderman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2025102615481069600_R14","first-page":"1337","article-title":"Urine potassium per hour as a marker for renal potassium losses.","volume":"94","author":"Phakdeekitcharoen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"}],"container-title":["Sexual Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/17\/2\/194\/756040\/sh19069.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/17\/2\/194\/756040\/sh19069.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T19:48:20Z","timestamp":1761508100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article\/17\/2\/194\/92887\/Severe-acute-hypokalaemia-associated-with"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/sh19069","relation":{},"ISSN":["1448-5028","1449-8987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1448-5028","type":"print"},{"value":"1449-8987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]}}}