{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:19:25Z","timestamp":1791425965854,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1539,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV prevalence has been rapidly increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) attending university in China, but HIV testing rates remain suboptimal. The factors associated with past HIV testing in this population in Beijing, China, were investigated. Methods: This study used data from the baseline survey of an HIV intervention clinical trial among MSM who did not have a history of a positive HIV diagnosis. This analysis focused on the HIV testing experience in a subgroup of university student MSM participants. Log-binomial models were used to evaluate factors associated with past HIV testing. Results: Of 375 university student MSM, the median age was 22 years; 89.3% were Han ethnic. Approximately half (50.4%, n = 189) had ever taken an HIV test before the survey. In a multivariable log-binomial model, older age (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR), 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02\u20131.06), had first sexual intercourse at age &amp;lt;18 years (APR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.08\u20131.45) and knew someone living with HIV (APR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.07\u20131.61) were associated with a higher likelihood of past testing. Self-reported barriers to taking a test included perceived low HIV risk, fear of a positive diagnosis, did not know where to get tested and fear of discrimination. Facilitators included anonymity in taking a test, confidentiality of testing results and availability of home-based and rapid testing. Conclusions: The HIV testing rate among university student MSM was low. Interventions should be implemented to address structural, institutional and individual barriers to HIV testing in this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh20088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T01:11:22Z","timestamp":1613437882000},"page":"58-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Factors associated with past HIV testing among men who have sex with men attending university in China: a cross-sectional study*"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2938-2335","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rongyi","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ASchool of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunfang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BSchool of Public Health, Baotou Medical University, Baotou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengkui","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASchool of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juntong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASchool of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane M.","family":"Simoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDepartment of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DeAnne","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSchool of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LaRon E.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESchool of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sten H.","family":"Vermund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSchool of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASchool of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China."},{"name":"GCorresponding authors. Email: wangna2413@163.com; han-zhu.qian@yale.edu"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Zhu","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSchool of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA."},{"name":"FXiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China."},{"name":"GCorresponding authors. Email: wangna2413@163.com; han-zhu.qian@yale.edu"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2025102419103560700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-019-00469-y","article-title":"Interventions to improve the HIV continuum of care in China.","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025102419103560700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201953","article-title":"Trends of HIV incidence and prevalence among men who have sex with men in Beijing, China: nine consecutive cross-sectional surveys, 2008\u20132016.","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025102419103560700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2614-4","article-title":"Prevalence of high-risky behaviors in transmission of HIV among high school and college student MSM in China: a meta-analysis.","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102419103560700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30711-9","article-title":"Learning about HIV the hard way: HIV among Chinese MSM attending university.","volume":"18","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025102419103560700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069137","article-title":"Prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection among high school and college student MSM in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025102419103560700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq243","article-title":"The spectrum of engagement in HIV care and its relevance to test-and-treat strategies for prevention of HIV infection.","volume":"52","author":"Gardner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025102419103560700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166812","article-title":"Enhancing HIV testing and treatment among men who have sex with men in China: a pilot model with two-rapid tests, single blood draw session, and intensified case management in six cities in 2013.","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102419103560700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051809","article-title":"Delayed treatment for people living with HIV in China, 2004\u20132016: an analysis of an observational cohort.","volume":"17","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025102419103560700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3806-2","article-title":"Prevalence of prior HIV testing and associated factors among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025102419103560700_R10","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services for a changing epidemic. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available online at: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/329966\/WHO-CDS-HIV-19.31-eng.pdf [verified 25 July 2020]."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025102419103560700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12373","article-title":"Frequency of HIV testing among gay and bisexual men in the UK: implications for HIV prevention.","volume":"17","author":"McDaid","year":"2016","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"2025102419103560700_R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4060-y","article-title":"Risky HIV sexual behavior and utilization of voluntary counseling and HIV testing and associated factors among undergraduate students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","volume":"17","author":"Woldeyohannes","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025102419103560700_R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6570-2","article-title":"Sexual attitudes, sexual behaviors, 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