{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:30:20Z","timestamp":1785551420596,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":465,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["R01CA215403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA215403"]}]},{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin","award":["2UL1TR001436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2UL1TR001436"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anal cancer disproportionately affects sexual and gender minority individuals living with HIV. High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) is an in-clinic procedure to detect precancerous anal lesions and cancer, yet prospective data on factors associated with HRA attendance are lacking. We examined whether anal HPV sampling at home versus in a clinic impacts HRA uptake and assessed HRA acceptability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sexual and gender minority individuals were randomised to home-based self-sampling or clinical sampling. All were asked to attend in-clinic HRA 1\u00a0year later. We regressed HRA attendance on study arm using multivariable Poisson regression and assessed HRA acceptability using \u03c72 tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 62.8% of 196 participants who engaged in screening attended HRA. Although not significant (P\u00a0=\u00a00.13), a higher proportion of participants who engaged in clinic-based screening attended HRA (68.5%) compared to home-based participants (57.9%). Overall, HRA uptake was higher among participants with anal cytology history (aRR 1.40, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.82), and lower among participants preferring a versatile anal sex position versus insertive (aRR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53\u20130.91), but did not differ by race or HIV serostatus. In the clinic arm, persons living with HIV had lower HRA attendance (42.9%) versus HIV-negative participants (73.3%) (P\u00a0=\u00a00.02) and Black non-Hispanic participants had lower HRA attendance (41.7%) than White non-Hispanic participants (73.1%), (P\u00a0=\u00a00.04). No differences in attendance by race or HIV status were observed in the home arm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HRA uptake differed significantly by race and HIV status in the clinic arm but not the home arm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh23210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]],"date-time":"2024-04-28T20:04:40Z","timestamp":1714334680000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The influence of home versus clinic anal human papillomavirus sampling on high-resolution anoscopy uptake in the Prevent Anal Cancer Self-Swab Study"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5651-8501","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jenna","family":"Nitkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Ridolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDepartment of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Lundeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDepartment of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna R.","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCenter for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Y.","family":"Chiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria E.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EDepartment of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Schick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FDepartment of Management, Policy and Community Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer S.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GGillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridgett","family":"Brzezinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan G.","family":"Nyitray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACenter for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."},{"name":"HClinical Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2025102615343080100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33185","article-title":"A meta-analysis of anal cancer incidence by risk group: toward a unified anal cancer risk scale.","volume":"148","author":"Clifford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025102615343080100_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e180","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30488-7","article-title":"Global burden of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: a worldwide incidence analysis.","volume":"8","author":"de Martel","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025102615343080100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy719","article-title":"Virological and serological predictors of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions among human immunodeficiency virus-positive men who have sex with men.","volume":"68","author":"Marra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025102615343080100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e531","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(21)00108-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of 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