{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:49:36Z","timestamp":1788385776719,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This editorial examines recruitment challenges during a qualitative study on LGBTIQA+ experiences of miscarriage. Despite targeted outreach, engagement was low, prompting reflection on broader barriers. We suggest four key factors: systemic discrimination in medicine and law; the small number of LGBTIQA+ people who have pursued conception and experienced miscarriage; increasing hostility toward LGBTIQA+ communities; and the psychosocial sensitivity of the topic. These challenges reflect wider patterns of exclusion from reproductive health and research. We argue for academic advocacy to address these inequities and to protect the rights and visibility of LGBTIQA+ people in health research and beyond.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/sh25136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:28:19Z","timestamp":1762302499000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Where did we go wrong? Recruitment challenges in exploring LGBTIQA+ experiences following miscarriage"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7102-8806","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Max","family":"Twycross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of General Practice and Primary Care, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith","family":"Temple-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of General Practice and Primary Care, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia."},{"name":"BMelbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Vic, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Bilardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of General Practice and Primary Care, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia."},{"name":"BMelbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Vic, Australia."},{"name":"CCentral Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Thrower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of General Practice and Primary Care, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Bellhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DDepartment of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025111816274807100_R1","unstructured":"The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Pregnancy loss; 2021. Available at https:\/\/ranzcog.edu.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pregnancy-Loss.pdf"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025111816274807100_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion.","volume":"98","author":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"10285","key":"2025111816274807100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00682-6","article-title":"Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss.","volume":"397","author":"Quenby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025111816274807100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.08.951","article-title":"We know all too well the significant psychological impact of miscarriage and recurrent miscarriage: so where is the support?","volume":"120","author":"Bilardi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R5","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Census of population and housing: Australia, 2021. Vol. 2001.0. 2022. Available at https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/articles\/same-sex-couples-living-together-australia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111816274807100_R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-06556-2","article-title":"Mental health of LGBTQ+ workers: a systematic review.","volume":"25","author":"Tomic","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025111816274807100_R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1111\/fcre.12806","article-title":"LGBTIQ+ access to assisted reproductive treatment.","volume":"62","author":"Page","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fam Court Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025111816274807100_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp-rj.2022.180103","article-title":"\u201cGay Is Good\u201d: history of homosexuality in the DSM and modern psychiatry.","volume":"18","author":"McHenry","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry Resid J"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R9"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R10","unstructured":"UNSW Media. One in three IVF cycles undertake due to male infertility: report. UNSW Newsroom; 2022. Available at https:\/\/www.unsw.edu.au\/newsroom\/news\/2022\/10\/one-in-three-ivf-cycles-undertaken-due-to-male-infertility--repo"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025111816274807100_R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1177\/17470161211003021","article-title":"Queer considerations: exploring the use of social media for research recruitment within LGBTQ communities.","volume":"17","author":"Littler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res Ethics"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R12","unstructured":"Meta. Removing certain ad targeting options and expanding our ad controls. Meta; 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/business\/news\/removing-certain-ad-targeting-options-and-expanding-our-ad-controls"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R13","unstructured":"Meta. More speech and Fewer mistakes: how we\u2019re evolving our content policies. Meta; 2025. Available at https:\/\/about.fb.com\/news\/2025\/01\/meta-more-speech-fewer-mistakes\/"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R14"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R15","unstructured":"GLAAD. GLAAD\u2019s alert desk releases new data on rising anti-LGBTQ hate and extremism. GLAAD; 2024."},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R16","unstructured":"de Groot D, Immenkamp B. Hate speech and hate crime targeting LGBTI people; 2025. Available at https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/BRIE\/2025\/767219\/EPRS_BRI(2025)767219_EN.pdf"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R17","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch. Russia: rising toll of LGBT \u2018Extremism\u2019 designation; 2025. Available at https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2025\/06\/30\/russia-rising-toll-of-lgbt-extremism-designation"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R18","unstructured":"Amnesty International. Africa: We are facing extinction: escalating anti-LGBTI sentiment, the weaponization of law and their human rights implications in select African countries. Amnesty International Report; 2024. Available at https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/afr01\/7533\/2024\/en\/"},{"key":"2025111816274807100_R19","unstructured":"Bell P. In Australia, the threat of homophobic violence lingers, and the danger is proving to be even more pernicious. The Age; 3 August 2024. Available at https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2024-08-03\/threat-of-homophobic-violence-lingers-stubbornly-in-australia\/104178206"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025111816274807100_R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/13645579.2020.1863545","article-title":"Recruiting stigmatised populations and managing negative commentary via social media: a case study of recruiting older LGBTI research participants in Australia.","volume":"25","author":"Waling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Soc Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["Sexual Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1071\/SH25136\/1718295\/sh25136.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1071\/SH25136\/1718295\/sh25136.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T21:27:55Z","timestamp":1763501275000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/connectsci.au\/sh\/article\/22\/6\/SH25136\/252023\/Where-did-we-go-wrong-Recruitment-challenges-in"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/sh25136","relation":{},"ISSN":["1448-5028","1449-8987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1448-5028","type":"print"},{"value":"1449-8987","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"article-number":"SH25136"}}