{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T06:02:46Z","timestamp":1764223366969,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1847,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/journalslicense"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper addresses the systematics of the New Zealand spiders of the family Malkaridae. Malkarids are small araneoid spiders that live primarily in the leaf litter and mosses of temperate and tropical wet forests in Australia and New Zealand, with the exception of a single species in southern South America and another in New Caledonia. We treat the New Zealand species of Malkaridae that are not members of the subfamily Pararchaeinae, a monophyletic group of 11 new species that we classify in 2 new genera (Tingotingo, gen. nov. and Whakamoke, gen. nov.) and a new subfamily (Tingotinginae, subfam. nov.). We describe, diagnose, illustrate and map the distribution of specimen records of these 11 new species of New Zealand Malkaridae: Tingotingo porotiti, sp. nov., T. pouaru, sp. nov., T. tokorera, sp. nov., T. aho, sp. nov., Whakamoke orongorongo, sp. nov.; W. tarakina, sp. nov.; W. guacamole, sp. nov.; W. hunahuna, sp. nov.; W. paoka, sp. nov.; W. heru, sp. nov.; and W. rakiura, sp. nov. We also treat the phylogenetic relationships of Malkaridae and use the results of our previous work on the molecular phylogeny of Araneoidea as the bases for the classification of the family. Tingotingo, gen. nov. and Whakamoke, gen. nov. are sister clades. Tingotinginae, subfam. nov. is the sister group of the Malkarinae plus Pararchaeinae clade. We further hypothesise and discuss the morphological synapomorphies of Malkaridae, Tingotinginae, subfam. nov. and the two new genera.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1071\/is19073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T03:06:31Z","timestamp":1588907191000},"page":"345-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The malkarid spiders of New Zealand (Araneae\u2009:\u2009Malkaridae)"],"prefix":"10.1071","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0046-1822","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gustavo","family":"Hormiga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ADepartment of Biology, Bell Hall, 2029 G Street NW, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA."},{"name":"CCorresponding author. Email: hormiga@gwu.edu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6809-2878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikolaj","family":"Scharff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BNatural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"67","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112622091335900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2004.00120.x","article-title":"Morphological phylogeny of cobweb spiders and their relatives (Araneae, Araneoidea, Theridiidae).","volume":"141","author":"Agnarsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"2025112622091335900_R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1636\/Sh06-55.1","article-title":"A protocol for digesting internal soft tissues and mounting spiders for scanning electron microscopy.","volume":"35","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Padilla","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Arachnology"},{"key":"2025112622091335900_R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2011.00692.x","article-title":"Morphological and phylogenetic atlas of the orbweaving spider family Tetragnathidae (Araneae: Araneoidea).","volume":"162","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Padilla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025112622091335900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1071\/IS19032","article-title":"A morphological and combined phylogenetic analysis of pirate spiders (Araneae, Mimetidae): evolutionary relationships, taxonomy and character evolution.","volume":"34","author":"Benavides","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invertebrate Systematics"},{"key":"2025112622091335900_R5","first-page":"41","article-title":"Studies in Victorian spiders, No.1.","volume":"42","author":"Butler","year":"1929","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria"},{"key":"2025112622091335900_R6","first-page":"103","article-title":"Studies in Victorian spiders, No.2.","volume":"42","author":"Butler","year":"1932","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria"},{"key":"2025112622091335900_R7"},{"key":"2025112622091335900_R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.2011","article-title":"Tangled in a sparse spider web: single origin of orb weavers and their spinning work unravelled by denser taxonomic sampling.","volume":"279","author":"Dimitrov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings. 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