{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:35:08Z","timestamp":1774564508489,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            A wealth of evidence supports increased NO (NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            ) in asthma,\n but its roles are unknown. To investigate how NO participates in\n inflammatory airway events in asthma, we measured NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            and\n NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            chemical reaction products [nitrite, nitrate,\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            -nitrosothiols (SNO), and nitrotyrosine] before,\n immediately and 48 h after bronchoscopic antigen (Ag) challenge of\n the peripheral airways in atopic asthmatic individuals and nonatopic\n healthy controls. Strikingly, NO\n            <jats:inline-formula>\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\n\\usepackage{amsmath}\n\\usepackage{wasysym} \n\\usepackage{amsfonts} \n\\usepackage{amssymb} \n\\usepackage{amsbsy}\n\\usepackage{mathrsfs}\n\\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\n\\begin{document}\n\\begin{equation*}{\\mathrm{_{3}^{-}}}\\end{equation*}\\end{document}<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            was the only\n NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            derivative to increase during the immediate Ag-induced\n asthmatic response and continued to increase over 2-fold at 48 h\n after Ag challenge in contrast to controls [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;\n 0.05]. NO\n            <jats:inline-formula>\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\n\\usepackage{amsmath}\n\\usepackage{wasysym} \n\\usepackage{amsfonts} \n\\usepackage{amssymb} \n\\usepackage{amsbsy}\n\\usepackage{mathrsfs}\n\\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\n\\begin{document}\n\\begin{equation*}{\\mathrm{_{2}^{-}}}\\end{equation*}\\end{document}<\/jats:tex-math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            was not affected by Ag challenge at 10\n min or 48 h after Ag challenge. Although SNO was not detectable in\n asthmatic airways at baseline or immediately after Ag, SNO increased\n during the late response to levels found in healthy controls. A model\n of NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            dynamics derived from the current findings predicts that\n NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            may have harmful effects through formation of peroxynitrite,\n but also subserves an antioxidant role by consuming reactive oxygen\n species during the immediate asthmatic response, whereas nitrosylation\n during the late asthmatic response generates SNO, safe reservoirs for\n removal of toxic NO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            derivatives.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.051629498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:36:44Z","timestamp":1027694204000},"page":"2622-2627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":206,"title":["NO chemical events in the human airway during the immediate and late antigen-induced asthmatic response"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Raed A.","family":"Dweik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Suzy A. A.","family":"Comhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Gaston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Frederik B. J. M.","family":"Thunnissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Farver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Mary Jane","family":"Thomassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Mani","family":"Kavuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Hammel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Husam M.","family":"Abu-Soud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6500"}]},{"given":"Serpil C.","family":"Erzurum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,\r Cancer Biology, Pathology,\r Cell Biology, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology,\r Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH\r 44195; Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of\r Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and\r Department of Pathology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis,\r Nijmegen, The Netherlands 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