{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T23:17:44Z","timestamp":1771629464748,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The positional relationships among all of the visible organelles in\n a densely packed region of cytoplasm from an insulin secreting,\n cultured mammalian cell have been analyzed in three dimensions (3-D) at\n \u22486 nm resolution. Part of a fast frozen\/freeze-substituted HIT-T15\n cell that included a large portion of the Golgi ribbon was\n reconstructed in 3-D by electron tomography. The reconstructed volume\n (3.1 \u00d7 3.2 \u00d7 1.2 \u03bcm\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            ) allowed sites of\n interaction between organelles, and between microtubules and organellar\n membranes, to be accurately defined in 3-D and quantitatively analyzed\n by spatial density analyses. Our data confirm that the Golgi in an\n interphase mammalian cell is a single, ribbon-like organelle composed\n of stacks of flattened cisternae punctuated by openings of various\n sizes [Rambourg, A., Clermont, Y., &amp; Hermo, L. (1979)\n            <jats:italic>Am.\n J. Anat.<\/jats:italic>\n            154, 455\u2013476]. The data also show that the\n endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a single continuous compartment that\n forms close contacts with mitochondria, multiple trans Golgi cisternae,\n and compartments of the endo-lysosomal system. This ER traverses the\n Golgi ribbon from one side to the other via cisternal openings.\n Microtubules form close, non-random associations with the cis Golgi,\n the ER, and endo-lysosomal compartments. Despite the dense packing of\n organelles in this Golgi region, \u224866% of the reconstructed volume is\n calculated to represent cytoplasmic matrix. We relate the intimacy of\n structural associations between organelles in the Golgi region, as\n quantified by spatial density analyses, to biochemical mechanisms for\n membrane trafficking and organellar communication in mammalian cells.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.051631998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:45:09Z","timestamp":1027694709000},"page":"2399-2406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":311,"title":["Organellar relationships in the Golgi region of the pancreatic beta cell line, HIT-T15, visualized by high resolution electron tomography"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Brad J.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boulder Laboratory for 3-D Fine Structure, Department of\r Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado,\r Boulder, CO 80309; Resource for the Visualization of\r Biological Complexity, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12201; and\r Department of Cellular and Structural Biology,\r University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Mastronarde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boulder Laboratory for 3-D Fine Structure, Department of\r Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado,\r Boulder, CO 80309; Resource for the Visualization of\r Biological Complexity, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12201; and\r Department of Cellular and Structural Biology,\r University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262"}]},{"given":"Karolyn F.","family":"Buttle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boulder Laboratory for 3-D Fine Structure, Department of\r Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado,\r Boulder, CO 80309; Resource for the Visualization of\r Biological Complexity, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12201; and\r Department of Cellular and Structural Biology,\r University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262"}]},{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boulder Laboratory for 3-D Fine Structure, Department of\r Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado,\r Boulder, CO 80309; Resource for the Visualization of\r Biological Complexity, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12201; and\r Department of Cellular and Structural Biology,\r University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262"}]},{"given":"J. Richard","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boulder Laboratory for 3-D Fine Structure, Department of\r Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado,\r Boulder, CO 80309; Resource for the Visualization of\r Biological Complexity, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12201; and\r Department of Cellular and Structural Biology,\r University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 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