{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:12:55Z","timestamp":1777932775284,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Polyphosphate kinase (PPK), encoded by the\n            <jats:italic>ppk<\/jats:italic>\n            gene,\n is the principal enzyme in many bacteria for the synthesis of inorganic\n polyphosphate (poly P) from ATP. A knockout mutant in the\n            <jats:italic>ppk<\/jats:italic>\n            gene of\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            PAO1\n is impaired in flagellar swimming motility on semisolid agar plates.\n The mutant is deficient in type IV pili-mediated twitching motility and\n in a \u201cswarming motility\u201d previously unobserved in\n            <jats:italic>P.\n aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            . In swarming cultures, the polar monotrichous\n bacteria have differentiated into elongated and polar multitrichous\n cells that navigate the surface of solid media. All of the motility\n defects in the\n            <jats:italic>ppk<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant could be complemented by a\n plasmid harboring the\n            <jats:italic>ppk<\/jats:italic>\n            gene. Because bacterial\n motility is often crucial for their survival in a natural environment\n and for systemic infection inside a host, the dependence for motility\n on PPK reveals important roles for poly P in diverse processes such as\n biofilm formation, symbiosis, and virulence.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.060030097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:36:44Z","timestamp":1027694204000},"page":"4885-4890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":750,"title":["Inorganic polyphosphate is needed for swimming, swarming, and twitching motilities of\n            <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"M. 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