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Plasma virus continually and rapidly evolved to escape neutralization, indicating that neutralizing antibody exerts a level of selective pressure that has been underappreciated based on earlier, less comprehensive characterizations. These data argue that neutralizing antibody responses account for the extensive variation in the envelope gene that is observed in the early months after primary HIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0630530100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]],"date-time":"2003-04-01T19:25:08Z","timestamp":1049225108000},"page":"4144-4149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":994,"title":["Rapid evolution of the neutralizing antibody response to HIV type 1 infection"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Douglas D.","family":"Richman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and the University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0679; and ViroLogic, Inc., 345 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080"}]},{"given":"Terri","family":"Wrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and the University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0679; and ViroLogic, Inc., 345 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and the University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0679; and ViroLogic, Inc., 345 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080"}]},{"given":"Christos J.","family":"Petropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and the University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0679; and ViroLogic, Inc., 345 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(01)77018-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.19.10018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/31514"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"S137","volume":"13","author":"Parren P W","year":"1999","unstructured":"P W Parren, J P Moore, D R Burton, Q J Sattentau AIDS 13, Suppl. 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