{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T21:43:42Z","timestamp":1770500622273,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            TFIIH is a multifunctional RNA polymerase II general initiation\n factor that includes two DNA helicases encoded by the\n            <jats:italic>Xeroderma\n pigmentosum<\/jats:italic>\n            complementation group B (\n            <jats:italic>XPB<\/jats:italic>\n            ) and D\n (\n            <jats:italic>XPD<\/jats:italic>\n            ) genes and a cyclin-dependent protein kinase\n encoded by the\n            <jats:italic>CDK7<\/jats:italic>\n            gene. Previous studies have shown\n that the TFIIH XPB DNA helicase plays critical roles not only in\n transcription initiation, where it catalyzes ATP-dependent formation of\n the open complex, but also in efficient promoter escape, where it\n suppresses arrest of very early RNA polymerase II elongation\n intermediates. In this report, we present evidence that ATP-dependent\n TFIIH action in transcription initiation and promoter escape requires\n distinct regions of the DNA template; these regions are well separated\n from the promoter region unwound by the XPB DNA helicase and extend,\n respectively, \u224823\u201339 and \u224839\u201350 bp downstream from the\n transcriptional start site. Taken together, our findings bring to light\n a role for promoter DNA in TFIIH action and are consistent with the\n model that TFIIH translocates along promoter DNA ahead of the RNA\n polymerase II elongation complex until polymerase has escaped the\n promoter.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.101004498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:44:19Z","timestamp":1027694659000},"page":"5544-5549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["TFIIH action in transcription initiation and promoter escape requires distinct regions of downstream promoter DNA"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Lori","family":"Spangler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester,\r MI 48309; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and\r Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma\r Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester,\r MI 48309; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and\r Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma\r Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}]},{"given":"Joan W.","family":"Conaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester,\r MI 48309; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and\r Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma\r Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Conaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester,\r MI 48309; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and\r Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma\r Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104"}]},{"given":"Arik","family":"Dvir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester,\r MI 48309; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and\r Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma\r Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 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