{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T17:07:58Z","timestamp":1764349678058},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Epigenetic modifications of chromatin serve an important role in regulating  the expression and accessibility of genomic DNA. We report here a genomewide  approach for fractionating yeast chromatin into two functionally distinct  parts, one containing RNA polymerase II transcribed sequences, and the other  comprising noncoding sequences and genes transcribed by RNA polymerases I and  III. Noncoding regions could be further fractionated into promoters and  segments lacking promoters. The observed separations were apparently based on  differential crosslinking efficiency of chromatin in different genomic  regions. The results reveal a genomewide molecular mechanism for marking  promoters and genomic regions that have a license to be transcribed by RNA  polymerase II, a previously unrecognized level of genomic complexity that may  exist in all eukaryotes. Our approach has broad potential use as a tool for  genome annotation and for the characterization of global changes in chromatin  structure that accompany different genetic, environmental, and disease  states.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1131966100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,27]],"date-time":"2003-05-27T17:10:32Z","timestamp":1054055432000},"page":"6364-6369","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Genomewide demarcation of RNA polymerase II transcription units revealed  by physical fractionation of chromatin"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Peter L.","family":"Nagy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  94305-5428; and Department of Biology and Carolina Center for the Genome Sciences, CB #3280,  202 Fordham Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC  27599-3280"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Cleary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  94305-5428; and Department of Biology and Carolina Center for the Genome Sciences, CB #3280,  202 Fordham Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC  27599-3280"}]},{"given":"Patrick O.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  94305-5428; and Department of Biology and Carolina Center for the Genome Sciences, CB #3280,  202 Fordham Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC  27599-3280"}]},{"given":"Jason D.","family":"Lieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA  94305-5428; and Department of Biology and Carolina Center for the Genome Sciences, CB #3280,  202 Fordham Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC  27599-3280"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00644-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.18.5232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35087620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(02)00393-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng569"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01080"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.182436399"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/47412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(01)00301-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082249499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/122.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(87)90131-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.10.10.1247"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.16.8.4349"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35054095"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90057-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","unstructured":"Maniatis T. 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