{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T22:38:59Z","timestamp":1774910339759,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Emerging medical technologies for effective and lasting repair of articular cartilage include delivery of cells or cell-seeded scaffolds to a defect site to initiate\n            <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n            tissue regeneration. Biocompatible scaffolds assist in providing a template for cell distribution and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in a three-dimensional geometry. A major challenge in choosing an appropriate scaffold for cartilage repair is the identification of a material that can simultaneously stimulate high rates of cell division and high rates of cell synthesis of phenotypically specific ECM macromolecules until repair evolves into steady-state tissue maintenance. We have devised a self-assembling peptide hydrogel scaffold for cartilage repair and developed a method to encapsulate chondrocytes within the peptide hydrogel. During 4 weeks of culture\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            , chondrocytes seeded within the peptide hydrogel retained their morphology and developed a cartilage-like ECM rich in proteoglycans and type II collagen, indicative of a stable chondrocyte phenotype. Time-dependent accumulation of this ECM was paralleled by increases in material stiffness, indicative of deposition of mechanically functional neo-tissue. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of a self-assembling peptide hydrogel as a scaffold for the synthesis and accumulation of a true cartilage-like ECM within a three-dimensional cell culture for cartilage tissue repair.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.142309999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T22:26:28Z","timestamp":1027895188000},"page":"9996-10001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":927,"title":["Self-assembling peptide hydrogel fosters chondrocyte extracellular matrix production and cell division: Implications for cartilage tissue repair"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Kisiday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Division, Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Division, Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Kurz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Division, Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Division, Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Semino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Division, Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Division, Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307"}]},{"given":"A. 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