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U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding the distributions of infectious diseases is a central public and global health objective. We show that human infectious diseases exhibit striking biogeographic grouping patterns at a global scale, reminiscent of \u201cWallacean\u201d zoogeographic patterns. This result is surprising, given the global distribution and unprecedented connectivity of humans as hosts and the homogenizing forces of globalization; despite these factors, infectious disease assemblages remain fundamentally constrained in their distributions by ecological barriers to dispersal or establishment. Biogeographic processes thus appear to provide an overarching context in which other factors promoting infectious disease emergence and spread are set. 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