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Direct comparison of gene expression profiles of more than 10,000 genes showed that for both donor cell types \u22484% of the expressed genes in the NT placentas differed dramatically in expression levels from those in controls and that the majority of abnormally expressed genes were common to both types of clones. Importantly, however, the expression of a smaller set of genes differed between the embryonic stem cell- and cumulus cell-derived clones. The livers of the cloned mice also showed abnormal gene expression, although to a lesser extent, and with a different set of affected genes, than seen in the placentas. Our results demonstrate frequent abnormal gene expression in clones, in which most expression abnormalities appear common to the NT procedure whereas others appear to reflect the particular donor nucleus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192433399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T12:58:07Z","timestamp":1033477087000},"page":"12889-12894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":316,"title":["Abnormal gene expression in cloned mice derived from embryonic stem cell and cumulus cell nuclei"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Humpherys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142; Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, John A. 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