{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T02:07:53Z","timestamp":1775873273270,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issue":"25","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Haploid yeast invades solid agar in response to nutrient\n limitation. To decipher the cues that underlie invasion, we have\n developed a single cell invasive growth assay. Using this assay, as\n well as the traditional plate-washing assay, we show that invasive\n growth occurs in response to glucose depletion. In the absence of\n glucose (or other fermentable sugar), individual cells adopted a\n nonaxial budding pattern and elongated morphology within the first cell\n divisions, and invasion into the agar was observed in microcolonies\n containing as few as 10 cells. In support of this observation, we found\n that glucose suppressed the hyperinvasive growth morphology of\n            <jats:italic>STE11<\/jats:italic>\n            -\n            <jats:italic>4, pbs2, hsl7<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>RAS2V19<\/jats:italic>\n            mutations. In addition, removal of glucose from\n YPD medium caused constitutive invasion in wild-type cells. We tested\n glucose control proteins for a role in invasion and found that Snf1, a\n protein required for derepression of glucose-repressed genes, was\n required for invasive growth. The transcription factor Sip4, which\n interacts with Snf1 and is induced during the diauxic shift, had an\n inhibitory role on invasive growth, suggesting that multiple mechanisms\n are required for glucose depletion-dependent invasion.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.240345197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T14:44:19Z","timestamp":1027694659000},"page":"13619-13624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":293,"title":["Glucose depletion causes haploid invasive growth in yeast"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Cullen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR\r 97403-1229"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"George F.","family":"Sprague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR\r 97403-1229"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(99)01698-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90079-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(98)01298-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.62.2.249-274.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-0674(95)80028-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-0674(95)80069-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8259520"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.24.2974"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/36355"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(06)00118-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80454-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02470.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5304.1314"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1914"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.42.30052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/154.2.609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/145.3.671"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.9.1.161"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.5.1257"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.10.11.1327"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.19.10.6929"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.19.10.7123"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.15.8522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.6.7.1293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/122.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.12.5463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","volume-title":"Methods in Yeast Genetics","author":"Sherman F","year":"1982","unstructured":"F Sherman, G R Fink, J B Hicks Methods in Yeast Genetics (Cold Spring Harbor Lab. 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