{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:16:28Z","timestamp":1781108188571,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.pnas.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The productive infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages (M\u03c6) by HIV was suppressed by primary CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells from asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals. This anti-HIV response was noncytotoxic; removal of the CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells from the infected M\u03c6 leads to virus production. CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells inhibited HIV replication when separated from the infected M\u03c6 by a transwell filter insert, indicating a diffusible factor made by the CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells suppressed productive infection of M\u03c6. Three \u03b2-chemokines, which can be secreted by activated CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells, RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1\u03b1 and MIP-1\u03b2 prevented HIV replication in the M\u03c6 cultures. In addition, incubation of acutely infected M\u03c6 with a mixture of neutralizing antibodies to RANTES, MIP-1\u03b1, and MIP-1\u03b2 enhanced virus replication. Nevertheless, neutralization of \u03b2-chemokines with specific antibodies did not abolish the suppression by CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells of HIV replication in M\u03c6. Thus, even though \u03b2-chemokines decrease HIV replication in M\u03c6, these cytokines are not responsible for the ability of CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells to inhibit HIV production in these cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T10:35:50Z","timestamp":1027679750000},"page":"1725-1729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.cm10313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Primary CD8\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    cells from HIV-infected individuals can suppress productive infection of macrophages independent of\u2009\u03b2-chemokines"],"prefix":"10.1073","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Edward","family":"Barker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-1270"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine N.","family":"Bossart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-1270"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay A.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-1270"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"341","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3014648"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.1.323","volume":"137","author":"Nicholson J K","year":"1986","unstructured":"J K Nicholson, G D Cross, C S Callaway, J S McDougal J Immunol 137, 323\u2013329 (1986).","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"40","volume":"143","author":"Nuovo G J","year":"1993","unstructured":"G J Nuovo, A Forde, P MacConnell, R Fahrenwald Am J Pathol 143, 40\u201348 (1993).","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.2.675"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5320.1857"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1993.1052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1994.10.1619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.10.3933"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.56.3.318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(96)10011-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"628","volume":"66","author":"Walker C M","year":"1989","unstructured":"C M Walker, J A Levy Immunology 66, 628\u2013630 (1989).","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1994.1032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.10.3583","volume":"156","author":"Strieter R M","year":"1996","unstructured":"R M Strieter, T J Standiford, G B Huffnagle, L M Colletti, N W Lukacs, S L Kunkel J Immunol 156, 3583\u20133586 (1996).","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"s3","volume":"11","author":"Berger E A","year":"1997","unstructured":"E A Berger AIDS 11, s3\u2013s16 (1997).","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5243.1811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(83)90107-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/152.4.734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.21.8575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(91)90005-K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(85)90135-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2431484"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.26.15341"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1996.4292"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/381667a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/382767a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.5.805"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.4.3219-3227.1997"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T08:14:59Z","timestamp":1682151299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,17]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,17]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.95.4.1725","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8424","type":"print"},{"value":"1091-6490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1997-08-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1997-12-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-02-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}